[Laveran and the French Academy of Medicine].

Abstract

In November 1880, Alphonse Laveran, stationed at the Constantine military hospital, addressed to the Academy of Medicine a "Note on a new parasite found in the blood of several patients with malaria fever". Léon Colin, professor at the Val-de-Grâce school, is the rapporteur, but he is not convinced by these observations, nor by two additional notes sent by Laveran in December 1880 and October 1881. This skepticism is shared by other academicians such as Joseph Laboulbène and Émile Duclaux.Twelve years will be necessary for Laveran to overcome the disbelief of the French scientific community. Three fundamental books donated to the Academy testify to the tenacity with which he gradually succeeded in convincing most of his colleagues: Traité des fièvres palustres avec la description des microbes du paludisme in 1884, Des hématozoaires du paludisme in 1887, and Du paludisme et de son hématozoaire in 1891.Laveran was elected to the Academy of Medicine on December 26, 1893. His resignation from the Military Health Corps enabled him to participate assiduously in meetings and to intervene in debates concerning infectious and tropical diseases, hygiene and prophylaxis. Obtaining the Nobel Prize in 1907 for his work on malaria, trypanosomiasis and colonial diseases crowned his work while honoring the Academy. Laveran was elected vice-president for the year 1919 and president for 1920, the year of the centenary of the Academy, the celebration of which he organized to the detriment of his health. He died two years later, having fulfilled his duty to the end of his strength.