Predictors of longer-term depression trajectories during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal study in four UK cohorts.

IF 6.6 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Evidence Based Mental Health Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI:10.1136/ebmental-2022-300461

Lara Rosa, Hayward J Godwin, Samuele Cortese, Valerie Brandt

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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an increase in mental ill health compared with prepandemic levels. Longer-term trajectories of depression in adults during the pandemic remain unclear.

Objective: We used latent growth curve modelling to examine individual trajectories of depression symptoms, and their predictors, beyond the early stage of the pandemic.

Methods: Data were collected in three waves in May 2020, September/October 2020 and February/March 2021 in four UK cohorts (Millennium Cohort Study, Next Steps cohort, British Cohort and National Child Development Study). We included n=16 978 participants (mean age at baseline: 20, 30, 50 and 62, respectively). Self-reported depressive symptoms were the study outcome.

Findings: Symptoms of depression were higher in younger compared with older age groups (d=0.7) across all waves. While depressive symptoms remained stable from May 2020 to Autumn 2020 overall (standardized mean difference (SMD)=0.03, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.04), they increased in all age groups from May 2020 to Spring 2021 (SMD=0.12, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.13). Feelings of loneliness were the strongest predictor and concurrent correlate of increasing depressive symptoms across all cohorts, prepandemic mental health problems and having a long-term illness were also significantly associated with an increase in depression symptoms across all ages. By contrast, compliance with social distancing measures did not predict an increase in depression symptoms.

Conclusions: Feeling lonely and isolated had a large effect on depression trajectories across all generations, while social distancing measures did not.

Clinical implications: These findings highlight the importance of fostering the feeling of connectedness during COVID-19-related distancing measures.

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COVID-19大流行期间长期抑郁轨迹的预测因素:一项针对英国四个队列的纵向研究。

背景:与大流行前相比，2019冠状病毒病大流行导致精神疾病增加。大流行期间成人抑郁症的长期发展轨迹尚不清楚。目的:我们使用潜在增长曲线模型来检查抑郁症症状的个体轨迹及其预测因子，超出了大流行的早期阶段。方法:在2020年5月、2020年9月/ 10月和2021年2月/ 3月分三波收集四个英国队列(千年队列研究、下一步队列、英国队列和国家儿童发展研究)的数据。我们纳入了n= 16978名参与者(基线时平均年龄分别为20、30、50和62岁)。自我报告的抑郁症状是研究结果。研究结果:在所有波中，与老年组相比，年轻人的抑郁症状更高(d=0.7)。虽然抑郁症状从2020年5月到2020年秋季总体上保持稳定(标准化平均差(SMD)=0.03, 95% CI 0.02至0.04)，但从2020年5月到2021年春季，所有年龄组的抑郁症状都有所增加(SMD=0.12, 95% CI 0.11至0.13)。在所有人群中，孤独感是最强的预测因素，也是抑郁症状增加的同时相关因素，大流行前的精神健康问题和长期疾病也与所有年龄段的抑郁症状增加显著相关。相比之下，遵守社交距离措施并不能预测抑郁症状的增加。结论:感觉孤独和孤立对各代人的抑郁轨迹都有很大影响，而社交距离措施则没有。临床意义:这些发现强调了在covid -19相关距离措施期间培养联系感的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Evidence Based Mental Health PSYCHIATRY-

CiteScore

18.10

自引率

7.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： Evidence-Based Mental Health alerts clinicians to important advances in treatment, diagnosis, aetiology, prognosis, continuing education, economic evaluation and qualitative research in mental health. Published by the British Psychological Society, the Royal College of Psychiatrists and the BMJ Publishing Group the journal surveys a wide range of international medical journals applying strict criteria for the quality and validity of research. Clinicians assess the relevance of the best studies and the key details of these essential studies are presented in a succinct, informative abstract with an expert commentary on its clinical application.Evidence-Based Mental Health is a multidisciplinary, quarterly publication.