{"title":"MDMB-FUBINACA Influences Brain Angiogenesis and the Expression of VEGF, ANG-1, and ANG-2.","authors":"Laith Al-Eitan, Mishael Alkhawaldeh","doi":"10.2174/1570161121666230913093441","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to explore the impact of the synthetic cannabinoid methyl 2-(1-(4- fluorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-FUBINACA) on the angiogenesis process in human brain microvascular endothelial cells.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are substances that mimic the natural components found in the cannabis plant. SCs are considered prohibited substances that have a clear impact on the central nervous system (CNS).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of this study is to explore how MDMB-FUBINACA influences angiogenesis in human brain microvascular endothelial cells and to clarify the pathways related to the cannabinoid receptors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs) were grown in the medium containing Dulbecco Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM/F12) using an endothelial cell growth kit. Endothelial cell viability was evaluated using the MTT test. Migration ability was measured using the Wound healing test. The angiogenic capability was measured using a Tube Formation assay. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was utilized to explore the mRNA concentrations following MDMBFUBINACA treatment. ELISA and Western blotting were also employed to measure the protein levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MDMB-FUBINACA greatly increases tube formation, endothelial cell proliferation, and migration. Pro-angiogenic factors such as angiopoietins 1 and 2 (ANG-1 and 2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were shown to be increased at both the RNA and protein levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MDMB-FUBINACA induces the progression of the angiogenesis process by inducing the expression of pro-angiogenic factors. These findings aim toward developing novel treatments for angiogenesis- related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":11278,"journal":{"name":"Current vascular pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"356-365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current vascular pharmacology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1570161121666230913093441","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Aim: This study aims to explore the impact of the synthetic cannabinoid methyl 2-(1-(4- fluorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxamido)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (MDMB-FUBINACA) on the angiogenesis process in human brain microvascular endothelial cells.
Background: Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are substances that mimic the natural components found in the cannabis plant. SCs are considered prohibited substances that have a clear impact on the central nervous system (CNS).
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to explore how MDMB-FUBINACA influences angiogenesis in human brain microvascular endothelial cells and to clarify the pathways related to the cannabinoid receptors.
Methods: Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs) were grown in the medium containing Dulbecco Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM/F12) using an endothelial cell growth kit. Endothelial cell viability was evaluated using the MTT test. Migration ability was measured using the Wound healing test. The angiogenic capability was measured using a Tube Formation assay. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was utilized to explore the mRNA concentrations following MDMBFUBINACA treatment. ELISA and Western blotting were also employed to measure the protein levels.
Results: MDMB-FUBINACA greatly increases tube formation, endothelial cell proliferation, and migration. Pro-angiogenic factors such as angiopoietins 1 and 2 (ANG-1 and 2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were shown to be increased at both the RNA and protein levels.
Conclusion: MDMB-FUBINACA induces the progression of the angiogenesis process by inducing the expression of pro-angiogenic factors. These findings aim toward developing novel treatments for angiogenesis- related disorders.
期刊介绍：
Current Vascular Pharmacology publishes clinical and research-based reviews/mini-reviews, original research articles, letters, debates, drug clinical trial studies and guest edited issues to update all those concerned with the treatment of vascular disease, bridging the gap between clinical practice and ongoing research.
Vascular disease is the commonest cause of death in Westernized countries and its incidence is on the increase in developing countries. It follows that considerable research is directed at establishing effective treatment for acute vascular events. Long-term treatment has also received considerable attention (e.g. for symptomatic relief). Furthermore, effective prevention, whether primary or secondary, is backed by the findings of several landmark trials. Vascular disease is a complex field with primary care physicians and nurse practitioners as well as several specialties involved. The latter include cardiology, vascular and cardio thoracic surgery, general medicine, radiology, clinical pharmacology and neurology (stroke units).
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
