Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G in HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

IF 1 Q4 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

African Journal of Laboratory Medicine Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.4102/ajlm.v12i1.2065

Kerri-Lee A Francois, Nokukhanya Msomi, Kerusha Govender, Lilishia Gounder, Pravi Moodley, Raveen Parboosing, Indrani Chetty, Lunga Xaba, Aabida Khan

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Abstract

Background: KwaZulu-Natal ranked second highest among South African provinces for the number of laboratory-confirmed cases during the second wave of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among certain vulnerable groups, such as people living with HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, is unknown.

Objective: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) in HIV-positive versus HIV-negative patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of residual clinical blood specimens unrelated to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) submitted for diagnostic testing at Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban, from 10 November 2020 to 09 February 2021. Specimens were tested for SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G on the Abbott Architect analyser.

Results: A total of 1977/8829 (22.4%) specimens were positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Seroprevalence varied between health districts from 16.4% to 37.3%, and was 19% in HIV-positive and 35.3% in HIV-negative specimens. Seroprevalence was higher among female patients (23.6% vs 19.8%; p < 0.0001) and increased with increasing age, with a statistically significant difference between the farthest age groups (< 10 years and > 79 years; p < 0.0001). The seroprevalence increased from 17% on 10 November 2020 to 43% on 09 February 2021 during the second wave.

Conclusion: Our results highlight that during the second COVID-19 wave in KwaZulu-Natal a large proportion of people living with HIV were still immunologically susceptible. The reduced seropositivity in people with virological failure further emphasises the importance of targeted vaccination and vaccine response monitoring in these individuals.

What the study adds: This study contributes to data on SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence before and during the second wave in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, which has the highest HIV prevalence globally. Reduced seropositivity was found among people living with HIV with virological failure, highlighting the importance of targeted booster vaccination and vaccine response monitoring.

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南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省hiv阳性和hiv阴性个体中SARS-CoV-2免疫球蛋白G的血清阳性率

背景:在第二波严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2)大流行期间，夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省的实验室确诊病例数在南非省份中排名第二。某些弱势群体(如夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省的艾滋病毒感染者)的SARS-CoV-2血清阳性率尚不清楚。目的:本研究旨在确定hiv阳性和hiv阴性患者中SARS-CoV-2免疫球蛋白G (IgG)的流行情况。方法:回顾性分析2020年11月10日至2021年2月9日在德班英科西·阿尔伯特·卢图利中心医院提交的用于诊断检测的与2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)无关的临床剩余血液标本。在雅培建筑师分析仪上检测标本的SARS-CoV-2免疫球蛋白G。结果:1977/8829份标本中SARS-CoV-2抗体阳性(22.4%)。各卫生区血清阳性率从16.4%到37.3%不等，艾滋病毒阳性标本为19%，艾滋病毒阴性标本为35.3%。女性患者血清阳性率较高(23.6% vs 19.8%;P < 0.0001)，且随年龄增加而增加，最远年龄组间差异有统计学意义(< 10岁和> 79岁;P < 0.0001)。第二波流行期间，血清阳性率从2020年11月10日的17%上升至2021年2月9日的43%。结论:我们的研究结果强调，在夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省的第二次COVID-19浪潮期间，很大一部分艾滋病毒感染者仍然具有免疫易感性。病毒学失败人群血清阳性降低进一步强调了对这些个体进行针对性疫苗接种和疫苗反应监测的重要性。研究补充:这项研究为南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省第二波疫情之前和期间的SARS-CoV-2血清阳性率提供了数据，南非是全球艾滋病毒感染率最高的地区。在病毒学失败的艾滋病毒感染者中发现血清阳性率降低，突出了有针对性的加强疫苗接种和疫苗反应监测的重要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

African Journal of Laboratory Medicine MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL-

CiteScore

1.70

自引率

9.10%

发文量

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： The African Journal of Laboratory Medicine, the official journal of ASLM, focuses on the role of the laboratory and its professionals in the clinical and public healthcare sectors,and is specifically based on an African frame of reference. Emphasis is on all aspects that promote and contribute to the laboratory medicine practices of Africa. This includes, amongst others: laboratories, biomedical scientists and clinicians, medical community, public health officials and policy makers, laboratory systems and policies (translation of laboratory knowledge, practices and technologies in clinical care), interfaces of laboratory with medical science, laboratory-based epidemiology, laboratory investigations, evidence-based effectiveness in real world (actual) settings.