{"title":"ELISA-based evaluation of antibody response to Leishmania in a region endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis.","authors":"Sachee Bhanu Piyasiri, Thisum Nilakshi Samaranayake, Hermali Silva, Nuwani Harshamali Manamperi, Nadira Darshani Karunaweera","doi":"10.1111/pim.12940","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leishmaniasis includes several clinical forms. While routine diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is by microscopy, an antibody response to CL has been reported in several recent studies. This study evaluated anti-leishmanial immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody responses as a biomarker of active leishmaniasis and a measure of exposure to Leishmania. Sera from 50 untreated CL patients, 140 patients under treatment and 280 healthy individuals residing in endemic regions collected as part of an epidemiological survey, was analysed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay established in-house using receiver operator characteristic curve at optimized cut-off value. The assay showed high performance as a diagnostic tool in identifying exposure in endemic individuals (sensitivity: 98%, specificity: 90.3%). All patients showed lower antibody levels over time since onset of lesion/s. Antibody levels were higher (p ˂ .01) and persisted for a longer period in untreated patients. In patients under treatment, the level of anti-IgG antibodies was negatively correlated with the total duration the patient had been on treatment. The anti-leishmanial IgG response in Leishmania donovani-induced CL is transient and is unlikely to confer protective immunity. Optimized serological assays may be useful in endemic settings for diagnosis and monitoring the treatment response in CL.</p>","PeriodicalId":19931,"journal":{"name":"Parasite Immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9481270/pdf/nihms-1823708.pdf","citationCount":"2","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Parasite Immunology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1111/pim.12940","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"IMMUNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Abstract
Leishmaniasis includes several clinical forms. While routine diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is by microscopy, an antibody response to CL has been reported in several recent studies. This study evaluated anti-leishmanial immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody responses as a biomarker of active leishmaniasis and a measure of exposure to Leishmania. Sera from 50 untreated CL patients, 140 patients under treatment and 280 healthy individuals residing in endemic regions collected as part of an epidemiological survey, was analysed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay established in-house using receiver operator characteristic curve at optimized cut-off value. The assay showed high performance as a diagnostic tool in identifying exposure in endemic individuals (sensitivity: 98%, specificity: 90.3%). All patients showed lower antibody levels over time since onset of lesion/s. Antibody levels were higher (p ˂ .01) and persisted for a longer period in untreated patients. In patients under treatment, the level of anti-IgG antibodies was negatively correlated with the total duration the patient had been on treatment. The anti-leishmanial IgG response in Leishmania donovani-induced CL is transient and is unlikely to confer protective immunity. Optimized serological assays may be useful in endemic settings for diagnosis and monitoring the treatment response in CL.
期刊介绍:
Parasite Immunology is an international journal devoted to research on all aspects of parasite immunology in human and animal hosts. Emphasis has been placed on how hosts control parasites, and the immunopathological reactions which take place in the course of parasitic infections. The Journal welcomes original work on all parasites, particularly human parasitology, helminths, protozoa and ectoparasites.