Phasmarhabditis eagyptiaca n. sp. (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) Isolated from Egyptian Terrestrial Snails and Its Role as Control Bio-agent to Gastropods

Abstract

Introduction

To date nineteen nematode species in the genus Phasmarhabditis Andrássy, 1976 recorded and described. This paper describes Phasmarhabditis eagyptiaca n. sp. (Nematoda: Rhabditidae), morphologically and phylogenatically and investigate its role as bio control agent for gastropods.

Methods

Snails infected with nematode collected from Great Cairo Egypt. Sequences of the 18S ribosomal (18S rRNA) gene performed and used for phylogenetic studies. Morphological parameter measured and the nematode photographed and illustrated. Bioassay conducted on some snails and slugs species.

Results:

Phasmarhabditis eagyptiaca n. sp. is the second new species of the genus Phasmarhabditis recorded and described in Egypt after Phasmarhabditis tawfiki Azzam2003, the fourth species from Africa and the 20th from the world. Morphological and molecular parameter showed that the new isolate is close to other species of Phasmarhabditis, especially Phasmarhabditis neopapillosa Andrássy, 1983, Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita (Schneider, 1859) and P. tawfiki Azzam with high bootstrap supported values (99.25%, 98.85%, and 98.64%, respectively). This nematode could infect and killed all snails and slugs exposed to infection in laboratory. Phasmarhabditis eagyptiaca n. sp. differs from all previously recorded species by shorter tail of female spikey tail of male and the arrangement of genital papillae formula which different from all previous species.

Conclusion

It could be confirmed that this nematode is a new species of Phasmarhabditis. This nematode could be considering a biological control agent for snails and slugs.