Adherence patterns of Escherichia coli in the intestine and its role in pathogenesis

Q2 Medicine

Medicine in Microecology Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.medmic.2020.100025

Deenadayalan Karaiyagowder Govindarajan , Nandhini Viswalingam , Yogesan Meganathan , Kumaravel Kandaswamy

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引用次数: 24

Abstract

Gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining a healthy intestine. Escherichia coli (E.coli) is a commensal bacteria colonizes the mucous membranes of the gut, intestine, and urinary tract. However, these strains incorporate genetic elements to become pathotype and affected in hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Seven pathotypes have been categorized such as Entero-Hemorrhagic E.coli (EHEC), Entero-Aggregative E.coli (EAEC), Entero-Pathogenic E.coli (EPEC), Entero-Toxigenic E.coli (ETEC), Diffusely Adherent E.coli (DAEC), Entero-Invasive E.coli (EIEC) and Adherent-Invasive E.coli (AIEC), and each pathotype possess distinct virulence mechanism and virulence factors to disrupt the host intestinal epithelial cells that cause diarrhea and other intestinal inflammation. This review highlights the various fimbrial and afimbrial adherence mechanisms of E.coli pathovars, and how it competes with commensal bacteria in achieving pathogenicity in the host. Such adherence mechanisms are mediated by virulence proteins that have a significant impact on the outcome of intestinal inflammation.

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大肠杆菌在肠道中的粘附模式及其在发病机制中的作用

肠道菌群在维持肠道健康方面起着重要作用。大肠杆菌(E.coli)是一种寄生于肠道、肠道和泌尿道粘膜的共生细菌。然而，这些菌株结合遗传因素成为致病型，并影响到全世界数亿人。目前已将大肠杆菌分为肠出血性大肠杆菌(EHEC)、肠聚集性大肠杆菌(EAEC)、肠致病性大肠杆菌(EPEC)、肠产毒性大肠杆菌(ETEC)、弥漫性粘附性大肠杆菌(DAEC)、肠侵袭性大肠杆菌(EIEC)和粘附性侵袭性大肠杆菌(AIEC)等7种病原型，每种病原型具有不同的毒力机制和毒力因子，可破坏宿主肠上皮细胞，引起腹泻和其他肠道炎症。本文综述了大肠杆菌病原菌的各种缘状和缘状粘附机制，以及它如何与共生菌竞争以在宿主中实现致病性。这种粘附机制是由毒力蛋白介导的，对肠道炎症的结果有重大影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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