Physiology of intracellular calcium buffering.

IF 29.9 1区 医学 Q1 PHYSIOLOGY
Physiological reviews Pub Date : 2023-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-16 DOI:10.1152/physrev.00042.2022
David Eisner, Erwin Neher, Holger Taschenberger, Godfrey Smith
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Calcium signaling underlies much of physiology. Almost all the Ca2+ in the cytoplasm is bound to buffers, with typically only ∼1% being freely ionized at resting levels in most cells. Physiological Ca2+ buffers include small molecules and proteins, and experimentally Ca2+ indicators will also buffer calcium. The chemistry of interactions between Ca2+ and buffers determines the extent and speed of Ca2+ binding. The physiological effects of Ca2+ buffers are determined by the kinetics with which they bind Ca2+ and their mobility within the cell. The degree of buffering depends on factors such as the affinity for Ca2+, the Ca2+ concentration, and whether Ca2+ ions bind cooperatively. Buffering affects both the amplitude and time course of cytoplasmic Ca2+ signals as well as changes of Ca2+ concentration in organelles. It can also facilitate Ca2+ diffusion inside the cell. Ca2+ buffering affects synaptic transmission, muscle contraction, Ca2+ transport across epithelia, and the killing of bacteria. Saturation of buffers leads to synaptic facilitation and tetanic contraction in skeletal muscle and may play a role in inotropy in the heart. This review focuses on the link between buffer chemistry and function and how Ca2+ buffering affects normal physiology and the consequences of changes in disease. As well as summarizing what is known, we point out the many areas where further work is required.

细胞内钙缓冲的生理学。
钙信号传导是许多生理学的基础。细胞质中几乎所有的Ca2+都与缓冲液结合,在大多数细胞的静息水平下,通常只有~1%的Ca2+被自由电离。生理Ca2+缓冲液包括小分子和蛋白质,实验Ca2+指示剂也会缓冲钙。Ca2+和缓冲液之间相互作用的化学性质决定了Ca2+结合的程度和速度。Ca2+缓冲液的生理作用由其结合Ca2+的动力学及其在细胞内的迁移率决定。缓冲程度取决于对Ca2+的亲和力、Ca2+浓度以及Ca2+离子是否协同结合等因素。缓冲作用影响细胞质Ca2+信号的幅度和时间进程,也影响细胞器中Ca2+浓度的变化。它还可以促进Ca2+在细胞内的扩散。Ca2+缓冲影响突触传递、肌肉收缩、Ca2+在上皮细胞中的转运和细菌的杀伤。缓冲液的饱和导致骨骼肌的突触易化和强直性收缩,并可能在心脏的收缩中发挥作用。这篇综述的重点是缓冲化学和功能之间的联系,以及Ca2+缓冲如何影响正常生理和疾病变化的后果。除了总结已知情况外,我们还指出了需要进一步工作的许多领域。
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来源期刊
Physiological reviews
Physiological reviews 医学-生理学
CiteScore
56.50
自引率
0.90%
发文量
53
期刊介绍: Physiological Reviews is a highly regarded journal that covers timely issues in physiological and biomedical sciences. It is targeted towards physiologists, neuroscientists, cell biologists, biophysicists, and clinicians with a special interest in pathophysiology. The journal has an ISSN of 0031-9333 for print and 1522-1210 for online versions. It has a unique publishing frequency where articles are published individually, but regular quarterly issues are also released in January, April, July, and October. The articles in this journal provide state-of-the-art and comprehensive coverage of various topics. They are valuable for teaching and research purposes as they offer interesting and clearly written updates on important new developments. Physiological Reviews holds a prominent position in the scientific community and consistently ranks as the most impactful journal in the field of physiology.
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