Microglia and Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

IF 12.1 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES
John R Lukens, Ukpong B Eyo
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引用次数: 33

Abstract

Mounting evidence indicates that microglia, which are the resident immune cells of the brain, play critical roles in a diverse array of neurodevelopmental processes required for proper brain maturation and function. This evidence has ultimately led to growing speculation that microglial dysfunction may play a role in neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) pathoetiology. In this review, we first provide an overview of how microglia mechanistically contribute to the sculpting of the developing brain and neuronal circuits. To provide an example of how disruption of microglial biology impacts NDD development, we also highlight emerging evidence that has linked microglial dysregulation to autism spectrum disorder pathogenesis. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in how the gut microbiome shapes microglial biology. In the last section of this review, we put a spotlight on this burgeoning area of microglial research and discuss how microbiota-dependent modulation of microglial biology is currently thought to influence NDD progression.

小胶质细胞和神经发育障碍。
越来越多的证据表明,小胶质细胞作为大脑的常驻免疫细胞,在大脑成熟和功能所需的多种神经发育过程中发挥着关键作用。这一证据最终导致越来越多的猜测,即小胶质细胞功能障碍可能在神经发育障碍(NDD)的病理中起作用。在这篇综述中,我们首先概述了小胶质细胞如何在机械上促进发育中的大脑和神经元回路的塑造。为了提供一个小胶质细胞生物学破坏如何影响NDD发展的例子,我们还强调了将小胶质细胞失调与自闭症谱系障碍发病机制联系起来的新证据。近年来,人们对肠道微生物群如何塑造小胶质细胞生物学越来越感兴趣。在本综述的最后一部分,我们将重点关注小胶质细胞研究这一新兴领域,并讨论微生物依赖的小胶质细胞生物学调节目前被认为如何影响NDD的进展。
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来源期刊
Annual review of neuroscience
Annual review of neuroscience 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
25.30
自引率
0.70%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: The Annual Review of Neuroscience is a well-established and comprehensive journal in the field of neuroscience, with a rich history and a commitment to open access and scholarly communication. The journal has been in publication since 1978, providing a long-standing source of authoritative reviews in neuroscience. The Annual Review of Neuroscience encompasses a wide range of topics within neuroscience, including but not limited to: Molecular and cellular neuroscience, Neurogenetics, Developmental neuroscience, Neural plasticity and repair, Systems neuroscience, Cognitive neuroscience, Behavioral neuroscience, Neurobiology of disease. Occasionally, the journal also features reviews on the history of neuroscience and ethical considerations within the field.
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