Interactions between free-living amoebae and Cryptosporidium parvum: an experimental study.

IF 2.3 2区医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY

Parasite Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1051/parasite/2023033

Marion Lefebvre, Romy Razakandrainibe, Damien Schapman, Arnaud François, Damien Genty, Ludovic Galas, Isabelle Villena, Loic Favennec, Damien Costa

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Abstract

Free-Living Amebae (FLA) and Cryptosporidium oocysts occasionally share the same environment. From 2004 to 2016, Cryptosporidium was responsible for 60% of 905 worldwide waterborne outbreaks caused by protozoan parasites. The aim of this study was to evaluate interactions between C. parvum oocysts and two common FLAs (Acanthamoeba castellanii and Vermamoeba vermiformis) in a water environment. Encystment and survival of FLAs were evaluated by microscopy using trypan blue vital coloration. Oocysts were numerated on microscopy. Interactions were studied over time in conditions both unfavorable and favorable to phagocytosis. Potential phagocytosis was directly evaluated by several microscopic approaches and indirectly by numeration of microorganisms and oocyst infectivity evaluation. Occasional phagocytosis of C. parvum by FLAs was documented. However, oocyst concentrations did not decrease significantly, suggesting resistance of oocysts to phagocytosis. A temporary decrease of oocyst infectivity was observed in the presence of A. castellanii. The effect of these interactions on C. parvum infectivity is particularly interesting. The biofilm condition could favor the persistence or even the proliferation of oocysts over time. This study demonstrated interactions between C. parvum and FLAs. Further knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the decrease of oocyst infectivity in the presence of A. castellanii could facilitate the development of new therapeutic approaches.

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自由生活的阿米巴虫和小隐孢子虫之间的相互作用:一项实验研究。

自由生活的阿米巴(FLA)和隐孢子虫卵囊偶尔共享相同的环境。从2004年到2016年，隐孢子虫在全球由原生动物寄生虫引起的905次水传播疫情中占60%。本研究的目的是评估在水环境下小虫卵囊与两种常见的浮游生物(castellanacanthamoeba castellanii和Vermamoeba vermiformis)的相互作用。显微镜下用台盼蓝显色法观察FLAs的囊化和存活情况。在显微镜下对卵囊进行计数。随着时间的推移，在不利和有利于吞噬的条件下研究了相互作用。通过几种显微方法直接评价潜在吞噬作用，通过微生物计数和卵囊感染性评价间接评价潜在吞噬作用。偶尔被FLAs吞噬的小梭菌被记录。但卵囊浓度没有明显下降，提示卵囊具有抗吞噬能力。在castellanii存在时，观察到卵囊传染性暂时降低。这些相互作用对小孢子虫传染性的影响特别有趣。随着时间的推移，生物膜条件可能有利于卵囊的持续存在甚至增殖。本研究证实了小孢子虫与FLAs之间的相互作用。进一步了解在castellanii存在下降低卵囊感染性的机制可以促进新的治疗方法的发展。

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来源期刊

Parasite 医学-寄生虫学

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Parasite is an international open-access, peer-reviewed, online journal publishing high quality papers on all aspects of human and animal parasitology. Reviews, articles and short notes may be submitted. Fields include, but are not limited to: general, medical and veterinary parasitology; morphology, including ultrastructure; parasite systematics, including entomology, acarology, helminthology and protistology, and molecular analyses; molecular biology and biochemistry; immunology of parasitic diseases; host-parasite relationships; ecology and life history of parasites; epidemiology; therapeutics; new diagnostic tools. All papers in Parasite are published in English. Manuscripts should have a broad interest and must not have been published or submitted elsewhere. No limit is imposed on the length of manuscripts, but they should be concisely written. Papers of limited interest such as case reports, epidemiological studies in punctual areas, isolated new geographical records, and systematic descriptions of single species will generally not be accepted, but might be considered if the authors succeed in demonstrating their interest.