Precision Nutrition to Improve Risk Factors of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes.

IF 4.6 3区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-23 DOI:10.1007/s13668-023-00491-y
Janet Antwi
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Abstract

Purpose of review: Existing dietary and lifestyle interventions and recommendations, to improve the risk factors of obesity and type 2 diabetes with the target to mitigate this double global epidemic, have produced inconsistent results due to interpersonal variabilities in response to these conventional approaches, and inaccuracies in dietary assessment methods. Precision nutrition, an emerging strategy, tailors an individual's key characteristics such as diet, phenotype, genotype, metabolic biomarkers, and gut microbiome for personalized dietary recommendations to optimize dietary response and health. Precision nutrition is suggested to be an alternative and potentially more effective strategy to improve dietary intake and prevention of obesity and chronic diseases. The purpose of this narrative review is to synthesize the current research and examine the state of the science regarding the effect of precision nutrition in improving the risk factors of obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Recent findings: The results of the research review indicate to a large extent significant evidence supporting the effectiveness of precision nutrition in improving the risk factors of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Deeper insights and further rigorous research into the diet-phenotype-genotype and interactions of other components of precision nutrition may enable this innovative approach to be adapted in health care and public health to the special needs of individuals. Precision nutrition provides the strategy to make individualized dietary recommendations by integrating genetic, phenotypic, nutritional, lifestyle, medical, social, and other pertinent characteristics about individuals, as a means to address the challenges of generalized dietary recommendations. The evidence presented in this review shows that precision nutrition markedly improves risk factors of obesity and type 2 diabetes, particularly behavior change.

精准营养改善肥胖和 2 型糖尿病的风险因素。
审查目的:现有的膳食和生活方式干预措施和建议旨在改善肥胖和 2 型糖尿病的风险因素,以缓解这一全球性的双重流行病,但由于人际间对这些传统方法的反应存在差异,以及膳食评估方法不准确,因此产生了不一致的结果。精准营养是一项新兴战略,它根据个人的关键特征,如饮食、表型、基因型、代谢生物标志物和肠道微生物组等,量身定制个性化饮食建议,以优化饮食反应和健康。精准营养被认为是改善膳食摄入、预防肥胖和慢性疾病的另一种可能更有效的策略。这篇叙述性综述的目的是综合当前的研究,考察精准营养对改善肥胖和 2 型糖尿病风险因素的影响的科学现状:研究综述的结果表明,在很大程度上有大量证据支持精准营养在改善肥胖和 2 型糖尿病风险因素方面的效果。对膳食-表型-基因型以及精准营养其他组成部分的相互作用的深入了解和进一步的严格研究,可能会使这一创新方法在医疗保健和公共卫生中适应个人的特殊需要。精准营养提供了一种策略,通过整合个人的基因、表型、营养、生活方式、医疗、社会和其他相关特征,提出个性化的膳食建议,以此应对通用膳食建议所带来的挑战。本综述提供的证据表明,精准营养能明显改善肥胖和 2 型糖尿病的风险因素,尤其是行为改变。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Current Nutrition Reports
Current Nutrition Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science
CiteScore
7.70
自引率
2.00%
发文量
59
期刊介绍: This journal aims to provide comprehensive review articles that emphasize significant developments in nutrition research emerging in recent publications. By presenting clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal intends to discuss the influence of nutrition on major health conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and obesity, as well as the impact of nutrition on genetics, metabolic function, and public health. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the field. Section Editors select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field, and an Editorial Board of more than 25 internationally diverse members reviews the annual table of contents, suggests topics of special importance to their country/region, and ensures that topics and current and include emerging research.
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