Purpose in life and cognitive performance and informant ratings of cognitive decline, affect, and activities.

IF 2.6 4区心理学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-23 DOI:10.1017/S1355617723000516

Angelina R Sutin, Martina Luchetti, Yannick Stephan, Antonio Terracciano

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: To examine (1) the association between purpose in life and multiple domains of cognitive function and informant-rated cognitive decline, affect, and activities; (2) whether these associations are moderated by sociodemographic factors, cognitive impairment, or depression; (3) whether the associations are independent of other aspects of well-being and depressive symptoms.

Method: As part of the 2016 Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol from the Health and Retirement Study, participants completed a battery of cognitive tests and nominated a knowledgeable informant to rate their cognitive decline, affect, and activities. Participants with information available on their purpose in life from the 2014/2016 Leave Behind Questionnaire were included in the analytic sample (N = 2,812).

Results: Purpose in life was associated with better performance in every cognitive domain examined (episodic memory, speed-attention, visuospatial skills, language, numeric reasoning; median β =.10, p <.001; median d =.53). Purpose was likewise associated with informant-rated cognitive decline and informant-rated affective and activity profiles beneficial for cognitive health (median β =.18, p < .001; median d =.55). There was little evidence of moderation by sociodemographic or other factors (e.g., depression). Life satisfaction, optimism, positive affect, and mastery were generally associated with cognition. When tested simultaneously with each other and depressive symptoms, most dimensions were reduced to non-significance; purpose remained a significant predictor.

Conclusions: Purpose in life is associated with better performance across numerous domains of cognition and with emotional and behavioral patterns beneficial for cognitive health that are observable by knowledgeable others. These associations largely generalize across demographic and clinical groups and are independent of other aspects of well-being.

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生活目的和认知能力以及信息提供者对认知能力下降、情感和活动的评价。

目的目的：研究(1)生活目的与认知功能的多个领域以及信息提供者评定的认知衰退、情感和活动之间的关联；(2)这些关联是否受社会人口因素、认知障碍或抑郁的调节；(3)这些关联是否独立于幸福感和抑郁症状的其他方面：作为 2016 年健康与退休研究统一认知评估协议的一部分，参与者完成了一系列认知测试，并提名一名知情者对其认知能力下降、情感和活动进行评分。分析样本（N = 2,812）中包含了2014/2016年留守儿童问卷中有关其生活目的的信息：结果：人生目标与每个认知领域（外显记忆、速度-注意力、视觉空间技能、语言、数字推理；中位数 β =.10, p d =.53）的更好表现相关。同样，目的与信息提供者评定的认知能力下降以及信息提供者评定的有益于认知健康的情感和活动特征也有关联（中位数 β =.18，p < .001；中位数 d =.55）。几乎没有证据表明社会人口因素或其他因素（如抑郁）对其有调节作用。生活满意度、乐观情绪、积极情绪和主观能动性通常与认知相关。当同时测试生活满意度、乐观情绪、积极情绪和掌握感与抑郁症状时，大多数维度的预测结果都降低到了非显著性水平；而生活目的仍然是一个重要的预测因素：结论：人生目标与认知多个领域的更佳表现有关，也与知识渊博的他人所能观察到的有益于认知健康的情绪和行为模式有关。这些关联在很大程度上跨越了人口和临床群体，并且与其他方面的幸福感无关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

5.40

自引率

3.80%

发文量

185

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society is the official journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, an organization of over 4,500 international members from a variety of disciplines. The Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society welcomes original, creative, high quality research papers covering all areas of neuropsychology. The focus of articles may be primarily experimental, applied, or clinical. Contributions will broadly reflect the interest of all areas of neuropsychology, including but not limited to: development of cognitive processes, brain-behavior relationships, adult and pediatric neuropsychology, neurobehavioral syndromes (such as aphasia or apraxia), and the interfaces of neuropsychology with related areas such as behavioral neurology, neuropsychiatry, genetics, and cognitive neuroscience. Papers that utilize behavioral, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological measures are appropriate. To assure maximum flexibility and to promote diverse mechanisms of scholarly communication, the following formats are available in addition to a Regular Research Article: Brief Communication is a shorter research article; Rapid Communication is intended for "fast breaking" new work that does not yet justify a full length article and is placed on a fast review track; Case Report is a theoretically important and unique case study; Critical Review and Short Review are thoughtful considerations of topics of importance to neuropsychology and include meta-analyses; Dialogue provides a forum for publishing two distinct positions on controversial issues in a point-counterpoint format; Special Issue and Special Section consist of several articles linked thematically; Letter to the Editor responds to recent articles published in the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society; and Book Review, which is considered but is no longer solicited.