A distant city: Assessing the impact of Dutch socioeconomic developments on urban and rural health using respiratory disease as a proxy

IF 1.3 3区 地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY
Maia Casna, Rachel Schats, Menno L.P. Hoogland, Sarah A. Schrader
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

To investigate the prevalence of respiratory disease in several populations from the Netherlands across different time periods and socioeconomic conditions.

Materials

We analyzed 695 adult individuals from six different Dutch contexts of urban and rural settlements dating to different time periods (i.e., early-medieval, late-medieval, post-medieval).

Methods

For each individual, the presence/absence of chronic maxillary sinusitis, otitis media, and inflammatory periosteal reaction on ribs was recorded macroscopically according to accepted methods.

Results

Statistically significant associations were found in the presence of sinusitis diachronically (early-medieval to late-medieval period, and early-medieval to post-medieval period) both in rural and urban environments. Differences in prevalence rates of otitis media were found statistically significant when comparing rural to urban environments in the early-medieval and late-medieval periods.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that factors such as increased contact between towns and countryside, higher population densities, and intensification of agricultural production impacted the respiratory health of past populations both in rural and urban settings.

Significance

Our study provides new insights into the impact of environmental changes and urbanization on respiratory disease prevalence, shedding light on the relationship between health and changing social and environmental contexts.

Limitations

Research limitations included the complex etiology of respiratory diseases, and the impact of uncontrollable factors such as hidden heterogeneity, selective mortality, and rural-to-urban migration.

Future research

Further research in different contexts is advised in order to continue exploring urbanization and its impact on human health across both time and space.

遥远的城市:以呼吸系统疾病为代表评估荷兰社会经济发展对城市和农村健康的影响
目的调查荷兰不同时期和不同社会经济条件下几种人群的呼吸系统疾病患病率。我们分析了695名成年人,他们来自六个不同时期(即中世纪早期、中世纪晚期和中世纪后)的荷兰城市和农村定居点。方法根据常规方法,对患者进行宏观观察,观察有无慢性上颌窦炎、中耳炎和肋骨炎性骨膜反应。结果在农村和城市环境中,鼻窦炎的历时性(中世纪早期到中世纪晚期,中世纪早期到中世纪后)存在统计学上显著的关联。在中世纪早期和中世纪晚期比较农村和城市环境时,发现中耳炎患病率的差异具有统计学意义。结论城乡联系增加、人口密度增加、农业生产集约化等因素影响了过去农村和城市人口的呼吸健康。本研究为环境变化和城市化对呼吸系统疾病患病率的影响提供了新的见解,揭示了健康与变化的社会和环境背景之间的关系。研究的局限性包括呼吸道疾病的复杂病因,以及隐性异质性、选择性死亡率和农村向城市迁移等不可控因素的影响。未来的研究建议在不同的背景下进行进一步的研究,以便继续探索城市化及其在时间和空间上对人类健康的影响。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
25.00%
发文量
43
期刊介绍: Paleopathology is the study and application of methods and techniques for investigating diseases and related conditions from skeletal and soft tissue remains. The International Journal of Paleopathology (IJPP) will publish original and significant articles on human and animal (including hominids) disease, based upon the study of physical remains, including osseous, dental, and preserved soft tissues at a range of methodological levels, from direct observation to molecular, chemical, histological and radiographic analysis. Discussion of ways in which these methods can be applied to the reconstruction of health, disease and life histories in the past is central to the discipline, so the journal would also encourage papers covering interpretive and theoretical issues, and those that place the study of disease at the centre of a bioarchaeological or biocultural approach. Papers dealing with historical evidence relating to disease in the past (rather than history of medicine) will also be published. The journal will also accept significant studies that applied previously developed techniques to new materials, setting the research in the context of current debates on past human and animal health.
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