Grease in the Nucleus: Insights into the Dynamic Life of Nuclear Membranes.

IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Deepak Anand, Arunima Chaudhuri
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Nucleus is at the center stage of cellular drama orchestrated in the life of a cell and the nucleoplasm is surrounded by a double membranous compartment constituting the Nuclear membrane/envelope (NE) that separates it from the cytoplasm in nucleated cells. The initial understanding of the NE was that of a border security entity between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, separating gene regulation and transcription in the nucleus from translation in the cytoplasm. However, the discovery of a wide array of inherited diseases caused by mutations in genes encoding proteins that reside or interact with NE diverted the interest into deciphering the lipid-protein-rich environment of the NE. Today, the NE is considered a dynamic organelle which forms a functional linkage between the nucleus and the rest of the cell. The exposure of NE to constant mechanical constraints by its connectivity to the large polymer network of the lamina and chromatin on one side, and to the cytoskeleton on the other side results, in a variety of shape changes. We discuss two such deformation, the formation of nuclear blebs and nucleoplasmic reticulum (NER). Although the protein and the lipid composition of NE comprises a small fraction of the total lipid-protein load of the cell, the ability to define the lipid-protein composition of Inner nuclear membrane (INM) and Outer nuclear membrane (ONM) with precision is crucial for obtaining a deeper mechanistic understanding of their lipid-protein interaction and the various signaling pathways that are triggered by them. In addition, this allows us to further understand the direct and indirect roles of NE machinery in the chromosomal organization and gene regulation.

Abstract Image

核中的油脂:洞察核膜的动态寿命。
细胞核在细胞生命中处于细胞戏剧的中心舞台,核质被双层膜室包围,构成核膜/包膜(NE),将核质与有核细胞的细胞质分开。最初对NE的理解是细胞核和细胞质之间的边界安全实体,将细胞核中的基因调控和转录与细胞质中的翻译分开。然而,一系列遗传疾病的发现是由编码NE的蛋白质的基因突变引起的,这些蛋白质存在或与NE相互作用,这将人们的兴趣转移到破译NE富含脂质蛋白的环境上。今天,NE被认为是一个动态的细胞器,它在细胞核和细胞的其余部分之间形成功能联系。NE暴露在恒定的机械约束下,其连接到一侧的层和染色质的大聚合物网络,以及另一侧的细胞骨架,导致各种形状变化。我们讨论两个这样的变形,形成核泡和核质网(NER)。尽管NE的蛋白质和脂质组成只占细胞总脂质-蛋白负荷的一小部分,但精确定义内核膜(INM)和外核膜(ONM)的脂质-蛋白组成的能力对于深入了解它们的脂质-蛋白相互作用及其触发的各种信号通路至关重要。此外,这使我们能够进一步了解NE机制在染色体组织和基因调控中的直接和间接作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Membrane Biology
Journal of Membrane Biology 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
4.20%
发文量
63
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Membrane Biology is dedicated to publishing high-quality science related to membrane biology, biochemistry and biophysics. In particular, we welcome work that uses modern experimental or computational methods including but not limited to those with microscopy, diffraction, NMR, computer simulations, or biochemistry aimed at membrane associated or membrane embedded proteins or model membrane systems. These methods might be applied to study topics like membrane protein structure and function, membrane mediated or controlled signaling mechanisms, cell-cell communication via gap junctions, the behavior of proteins and lipids based on monolayer or bilayer systems, or genetic and regulatory mechanisms controlling membrane function. Research articles, short communications and reviews are all welcome. We also encourage authors to consider publishing ''negative'' results where experiments or simulations were well performed, but resulted in unusual or unexpected outcomes without obvious explanations. While we welcome connections to clinical studies, submissions that are primarily clinical in nature or that fail to make connections to the basic science issues of membrane structure, chemistry and function, are not appropriate for the journal. In a similar way, studies that are primarily descriptive and narratives of assays in a clinical or population study are best published in other journals. If you are not certain, it is entirely appropriate to write to us to inquire if your study is a good fit for the journal.
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