{"title":"Promoter Methylation of Two <i>HOXA9</i> and <i>NISCH</i> Genes in Opium Users.","authors":"Majid Mahmoodi, Fatemeh Karami, Hamidreza Abdollahi, Navidreza Giahi, Kouros Divsalar, Amin Honarmand, Mohammad Hossein Modarressi","doi":"10.34172/ahj.2023.1356","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Opiate abuse has been critically increased in the world, especially in Iran. Owing to the association of opiate use with multiple human cancers and neurological disorders, seeking for genetic and epigenetic effects of opium can pave the way for early diagnosis of major health defects in addicted users. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the methylation status of the promoter of two genes, which are actively involved in neurodevelopment and cancer evolution.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DNA was isolated from peripheral blood of 28 opium abusers and 19 healthy controls and then subjected to sonication. Sonicated DNAs undergone methylated DNA immunoprecipitation-real time polymerase chain reaction (MeDIP-Real Time PCR) using specific primer pairs designed for <i>HOXA9</i> and <i>NISCH</i> genes. Obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong><i>HOXA9</i> and <i>NISCH</i> genes were found to be significantly methylated in addicted users compared to controls (<i>P</i><0.001) which was significantly associated with the mean of the age regarding <i>HOXA9</i> gene (<i>P</i>=0.002). Neither opium amount nor duration or route of using was associated with the methylation status of <i>HOXA9</i> or <i>NISCH</i> genes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypermethylation of <i>HOXA9</i> and <i>NISCH</i> genes as tumor suppressor in opium-addicted individuals can be considered as confirmatory evidence for carcinogenesis of opium. Further studies are required to figure out the role of epigenetic alterations in cancer evolution among opium users.</p>","PeriodicalId":33943,"journal":{"name":"Addiction and Health","volume":"15 2","pages":"87-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/95/70/ahj-15-87.PMC10408764.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Addiction and Health","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.34172/ahj.2023.1356","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Opiate abuse has been critically increased in the world, especially in Iran. Owing to the association of opiate use with multiple human cancers and neurological disorders, seeking for genetic and epigenetic effects of opium can pave the way for early diagnosis of major health defects in addicted users. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the methylation status of the promoter of two genes, which are actively involved in neurodevelopment and cancer evolution.
Methods: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood of 28 opium abusers and 19 healthy controls and then subjected to sonication. Sonicated DNAs undergone methylated DNA immunoprecipitation-real time polymerase chain reaction (MeDIP-Real Time PCR) using specific primer pairs designed for HOXA9 and NISCH genes. Obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Findings: HOXA9 and NISCH genes were found to be significantly methylated in addicted users compared to controls (P<0.001) which was significantly associated with the mean of the age regarding HOXA9 gene (P=0.002). Neither opium amount nor duration or route of using was associated with the methylation status of HOXA9 or NISCH genes.
Conclusion: Hypermethylation of HOXA9 and NISCH genes as tumor suppressor in opium-addicted individuals can be considered as confirmatory evidence for carcinogenesis of opium. Further studies are required to figure out the role of epigenetic alterations in cancer evolution among opium users.
背景:阿片类药物滥用在世界范围内急剧增加，特别是在伊朗。由于鸦片剂的使用与多种人类癌症和神经系统疾病有关，寻找鸦片的遗传和表观遗传影响可以为早期诊断成瘾使用者的主要健康缺陷铺平道路。因此，本研究旨在确定积极参与神经发育和癌症进化的两个基因启动子的甲基化状态。方法:从28例鸦片滥用者和19例健康对照者的外周血中分离DNA，进行超声检测。利用专为HOXA9和NISCH基因设计的特异性引物对，超声DNA进行甲基化DNA免疫沉淀-实时聚合酶链反应(MeDIP-Real time PCR)。所得数据采用SPSS软件进行分析。结果:与对照组相比，成瘾者的HOXA9和NISCH基因显著甲基化(PHOXA9基因(P=0.002))。鸦片用量、持续时间或使用途径与HOXA9或NISCH基因的甲基化状态无关。结论:HOXA9和NISCH基因在鸦片成瘾个体中作为肿瘤抑制基因的高甲基化可作为鸦片致癌的确证。需要进一步的研究来弄清楚表观遗传改变在鸦片使用者癌症进化中的作用。
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