Comparison of the radiological and functional results of a plaster splint and dynamic stabilization splint for Boxer's fractures: A prospective randomized controlled study

Purpose

This study compared the clinical and radiological results of fifth metacarpal neck fractures treated with a short-arm plaster splint (SAPS) versus a dynamic metacarpal stabilization splint (DMSS).

Materials and methods

The 119 patients were referred to our institute between 2018 and 2019 and treated with SAPS or DMSS after appropriate initial closed reduction. Follow-up examinations were conducted at days 10 and 20, and at 1, 2, and 3 months after treatment. Alignment of the fracture, range of motion (ROM), and complications were evaluated during each visit. Grip strength was evaluated using a dynamometer. Self-care, usual daily activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression were evaluated using the EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L) and a VAS.

Results

Of the 119 patients, 103 completed all follow up examinations. In total, 51 patients were treated with SAPS and 52 with DMSS. Skin lesions were detected in five patients in the DMSS group, but none in the SAPS group (p = 0.008). The grip strength of patients in the DMSS group was statistically better at the 1-, 2-month and 3-month follow-up visits (p < 0.001). ROM of the interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints were statistically better in the DMSS group at the 1-month visit (p < 0.001) but similar at the 3-month visit (p = 0.27). Wrist ROM was statistically higher in the DMSS group at the 3-month visit (p < 0.05). Self-care, usual daily activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression were statistically better in the DMSS group at all follow-up visits (p < 0.05), as determined by the EQ-5D-5L.

Conclusion

Dynamic stabilization of a stable boxer's fracture with DMSS is as effective as static stabilization with SAPS for maintaining the reduction and ensuring union. However, DMSS provides better early ROM, comfort, and muscle strength, as well as an earlier return to usual daily activities despite the occasional skin lesions happened.