早期逆境和教育对认知能力遗传和脑形态预测因子的影响

IF 2.4 4区 心理学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Emma Corley, Laura Fahey, Joan Fitzgerald, Laurena Holleran, Esther Walton, Derek W. Morris, Gary Donohoe
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引用次数: 0

摘要

认知能力是职业成就、生活质量和身体健康的重要预测因子。虽然认知变异具有很强的遗传性,并且与早期环境和大脑形态密切相关,但人们对这些因素如何结合和相互作用来解释这种认知变异知之甚少。为了解决这个问题,我们在英国生物银行的N = 5237个人样本中使用结构方程模型模拟了常见遗传变异、灰质体积、早期生活逆境、教育和认知能力之间的关系。我们测试了灰质总量会调节遗传变异和认知能力之间的关联,以及早期生活逆境和受教育程度会调节这种关系的假设。在模型中,常见的遗传变异、灰质体积和早期生活逆境都是显著的预测因子,可以解释约15%的认知能力差异。与我们的假设相反,灰质体积并没有介导遗传变异和认知表现之间的关系。早期生活的逆境和受教育程度也没有调节这种关系,尽管人们观察到受教育程度可以调节灰质体积和认知表现之间的关系。我们根据目前估计的多基因得分解释认知表现差异的适度解释价值来解释这些发现(~5%),使得潜在的中介和调节变量难以确认。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

The impact of early adversity and education on genetic and brain morphological predictors of cognitive ability

The impact of early adversity and education on genetic and brain morphological predictors of cognitive ability

Cognitive ability is a strong predictor of occupational achievement, quality of life and physical health. While variation in cognition is strongly heritable and has been robustly associated with early environment and brain morphology, little is known about how these factors combine and interact to explain this variation in cognition. To address this, we modelled the relationship between common genetic variation, grey matter volume, early life adversity and education and cognitive ability in a UK Biobank sample of N = 5237 individuals using structural equation modelling. We tested the hypotheses that total grey matter volume would mediate the association between genetic variation and cognitive ability, and that early life adversity and educational attainment would moderate this relationship. Common genetic variation, grey matter volume and early life adversity were each significant predictors in the model, explaining ~15% of variation in cognitive ability. Contrary to our hypothesis, grey matter volume did not mediate the relation between genetic variation and cognition performance. Neither did early life adversity or educational attainment moderate this relation, although educational attainment was observed to moderate the relationship between grey matter volume and cognitive performance. We interpret these findings in terms of the modest explanatory value of currently estimated polygenic scores accounting for variation in cognitive performance (~5%), making potential mediating and moderating variables difficult to confirm.

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来源期刊
Genes Brain and Behavior
Genes Brain and Behavior 医学-行为科学
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
4.00%
发文量
62
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Genes, Brain and Behavior was launched in 2002 with the aim of publishing top quality research in behavioral and neural genetics in their broadest sense. The emphasis is on the analysis of the behavioral and neural phenotypes under consideration, the unifying theme being the genetic approach as a tool to increase our understanding of these phenotypes. Genes Brain and Behavior is pleased to offer the following features: 8 issues per year online submissions with first editorial decisions within 3-4 weeks and fast publication at Wiley-Blackwells High visibility through its coverage by PubMed/Medline, Current Contents and other major abstracting and indexing services Inclusion in the Wiley-Blackwell consortial license, extending readership to thousands of international libraries and institutions A large and varied editorial board comprising of international specialists.
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