Detection of Cerebrovascular Diseases using Novel Discrete Component Wavelet Cosine Transform.

Aims: Detecting and classifying a brain tumor amid a sole image can be problematic for doctors, although improvements can be made with medical image fusions.

Background: A brain tumor develops in the tissues surrounding the brain or the skull and has a major impact on human life. Primary tumors begin within the brain, whereas secondary tumors, identified as brain metastasis tumors, are generated outside the brain.

Objective: This paper proposes hybrid fusion techniques to fuse multi-modal images. The evaluations are based on performance metrics, and the results are compared with conventional ones.

Methods: In this paper, pre-processing is done considering enhancement methods like Binarization, Contrast Stretching, Median Filter, & Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE). Authors have proposed three techniques, PCA-DWT, DCT-PCA, and Discrete ComponentWaveletCosine Transform (DCWCT), which were used to fuse CT-MR images of brain tumors.

Results: The different features were evaluated from the fused images, which were classified using various machine learning approaches. Maximum accuracy of 97.9% and 93.5% is obtained using DCWCT for Support Vector Machine (SVM) and k Nearest Neighbor (kNN), respectively, considering the combination of both feature's shape & Grey Level Difference Statistics. The model is validated using another online dataset.

Conclusion: It has been observed that the classification accuracy for detecting cerebrovascular disease is better after employing the proposed image fusion technique.