Analysis of blood parameters and clinical features in women with pilonidal sinus disease: Is there a link between the disease and polycystic ovary syndrome?

Objective: Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is a common disorder in the sacrococcygeal region and has a lower incidence in female as compared with male patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate clinical, hematological, biochemical, and hormonal parameters in women with PSD, and to determine whether the disease plays a major role in abnormalities of clinical and laboratory findings. This study also brings to the forefront the issue of the association between PSD and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods: The prospective single-center study included women with PSD, and an equal number of healthy women enrolled in the control group (50 women in each arm of the study). Medical history was taken from every patient, and blood tests were performed on all participants. Ultrasound imaging was performed to evaluate the ovaries.

Results: Both groups were matched for age (p=0.124). The prevalence of obesity and dyslipidemia was significantly higher in women with PSD compared to controls (p=0.046, p=0.008, respectively). The right ovary volume was significantly higher in the study group than the control group (p=0.028). The study group had also significantly higher mean levels of neutrophil, C-peptide, and thyroid stimulating hormone (p=0.047, p=0.031, and p=0.048, respectively). The prevalence of PCOS was higher in patients with PSD, but the difference failed to reach statistical significance (32 vs. 22%, p=0.26).

Conclusion: Based on the findings of our study, some clinical and blood parameters differed significantly between women with and without PSD. Although the present study revealed that the prevalence of PCOS was not significantly different in women with or without PSD, more comprehensive and prospective studies are required.