Marta Lalana Garcés, Oihana Ortiz Pastor, Gemma Solé Enrech, Armando R Guerra-Ruiz, Gregori Casals Mercadal, Alejandro Almería Lafuente, María Antonieta Ballesteros Vizoso, Pablo Gabriel Medina, Sergio Salgüero Fernández, Angielys Zamora Trillo, Isabel Aured de la Serna, Juan Carlos Hurtado, Sofía Pérez-Del-Pulgar, Xavier Forns, Manuel Morales Ruiz
{"title":"隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒感染的控制。","authors":"Marta Lalana Garcés, Oihana Ortiz Pastor, Gemma Solé Enrech, Armando R Guerra-Ruiz, Gregori Casals Mercadal, Alejandro Almería Lafuente, María Antonieta Ballesteros Vizoso, Pablo Gabriel Medina, Sergio Salgüero Fernández, Angielys Zamora Trillo, Isabel Aured de la Serna, Juan Carlos Hurtado, Sofía Pérez-Del-Pulgar, Xavier Forns, Manuel Morales Ruiz","doi":"10.1515/almed-2022-0065","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The diagnosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection requires HBV DNA testing and serologic testing for detection of the surface antigen (HBsAg) and the hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc). There is a population of patients with occult HBV infection (OBI), which is not detected by HBsAg or HBV DNA quantification in blood, despite the presence of active replication in the liver.</p><p><strong>Scope: </strong>This document provides a definition of OBI and describes the diagnostic techniques currently used. It also addresses the detection of patients with risk factors and the need for screening for OBI in these patients.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Correct diagnosis of OBI prevents HBV reactivation and transmission. Diagnosis of OBI is based on the detection of HBV DNA in patients with undetectable HBsAg in blood.</p><p><strong>Perspectives: </strong>A high number of patients with OBI may remain undiagnosed; therefore, screening for OBI in patients with factor risks is essential. For a correct diagnosis of OBI, it is necessary that new markers such as ultrasensitive HBsAg are incorporated, and a more comprehensive marker study is performed by including markers such as cccDNA.</p>","PeriodicalId":72097,"journal":{"name":"Advances in laboratory medicine","volume":"3 4","pages":"321-341"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10197267/pdf/","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Control of occult hepatitis B virus infection.\",\"authors\":\"Marta Lalana Garcés, Oihana Ortiz Pastor, Gemma Solé Enrech, Armando R Guerra-Ruiz, Gregori Casals Mercadal, Alejandro Almería Lafuente, María Antonieta Ballesteros Vizoso, Pablo Gabriel Medina, Sergio Salgüero Fernández, Angielys Zamora Trillo, Isabel Aured de la Serna, Juan Carlos Hurtado, Sofía Pérez-Del-Pulgar, Xavier Forns, Manuel Morales Ruiz\",\"doi\":\"10.1515/almed-2022-0065\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The diagnosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection requires HBV DNA testing and serologic testing for detection of the surface antigen (HBsAg) and the hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc). There is a population of patients with occult HBV infection (OBI), which is not detected by HBsAg or HBV DNA quantification in blood, despite the presence of active replication in the liver.</p><p><strong>Scope: </strong>This document provides a definition of OBI and describes the diagnostic techniques currently used. It also addresses the detection of patients with risk factors and the need for screening for OBI in these patients.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Correct diagnosis of OBI prevents HBV reactivation and transmission. Diagnosis of OBI is based on the detection of HBV DNA in patients with undetectable HBsAg in blood.</p><p><strong>Perspectives: </strong>A high number of patients with OBI may remain undiagnosed; therefore, screening for OBI in patients with factor risks is essential. For a correct diagnosis of OBI, it is necessary that new markers such as ultrasensitive HBsAg are incorporated, and a more comprehensive marker study is performed by including markers such as cccDNA.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":72097,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Advances in laboratory medicine\",\"volume\":\"3 4\",\"pages\":\"321-341\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-12-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10197267/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Advances in laboratory medicine\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1515/almed-2022-0065\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Advances in laboratory medicine","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1515/almed-2022-0065","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The diagnosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection requires HBV DNA testing and serologic testing for detection of the surface antigen (HBsAg) and the hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc). There is a population of patients with occult HBV infection (OBI), which is not detected by HBsAg or HBV DNA quantification in blood, despite the presence of active replication in the liver.
Scope: This document provides a definition of OBI and describes the diagnostic techniques currently used. It also addresses the detection of patients with risk factors and the need for screening for OBI in these patients.
Summary: Correct diagnosis of OBI prevents HBV reactivation and transmission. Diagnosis of OBI is based on the detection of HBV DNA in patients with undetectable HBsAg in blood.
Perspectives: A high number of patients with OBI may remain undiagnosed; therefore, screening for OBI in patients with factor risks is essential. For a correct diagnosis of OBI, it is necessary that new markers such as ultrasensitive HBsAg are incorporated, and a more comprehensive marker study is performed by including markers such as cccDNA.
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