参与处理前庭输入和产生控制血压的前庭交感反射的中枢网络。

IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 PHYSIOLOGY
Brendan McCarthy, Luke A Henderson, Vaughan G Macefield
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引用次数: 0

摘要

前庭器官是高度专门用于检测线性和角加速度的,对我们在引力场中的位置和在三个空间轴上的运动的感知有重要贡献。从内耳开始,空间信息被传递到更高的皮层区域进行处理,尽管这个动作发生的具体位置仍然有些模糊。这篇文章的目的是强调已知参与空间信息处理的大脑区域,以及那些对前庭系统的功能有贡献的区域-通过前庭交感反射调节血压的能力。当我们从躺着变成站着时,腿部的肌肉交感神经活动(MSNA)会成比例地增加,从而防止血液向脚部聚集而导致的血压下降。虽然来自压力感受器的反馈是部分原因,但前庭交感神经反射以前馈方式运作,以补偿引力场中的姿势变化。由中央交感神经连接组组成的皮层和皮层下网络与前庭系统共享某些元素,并且已知前庭传入事件通过前庭核投射到吻侧腹外侧髓质(RVLM)-产生MSNA的最终输出核。在这里,我们考虑前庭传入事件如何与中央交感神经连接组的其他组成部分相互作用,特别强调岛叶和背外侧前额叶皮层(dlPFC)作为前庭和高级皮层过程可能的核心整合位点的潜在作用。©2023美国生理学会。物理学报(自然科学版),2023。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Central Network Involved in the Processing of Vestibular Inputs and the Generation of Vestibulosympathetic Reflexes Controlling Blood Pressure in Humans.

The vestibular apparatus is highly specialized for detecting linear and angular acceleration, contributing importantly to perception of our position in the gravitational field and to motion in the three spatial axes. Beginning in the inner ear, spatial information is relayed toward higher cortical regions for processing, though the specific locations at which this action takes place remain somewhat ambiguous. This article aims to highlight brain regions known to be involved in the processing of spatial information, as well as those that contribute to a less widely documented function of the vestibular system-its capacity to regulate blood pressure via vestibulosympathetic reflexes. As we go from lying to standing, there is a proportional increase in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) to the legs that prevents the fall in blood pressure associated with the pooling of blood toward the feet. While feedback from baroreceptors is partially responsible, vestibulosympathetic reflexes operate in a feed-forward manner to compensate for postural changes in the gravitational field. The cortical and subcortical network comprising the central sympathetic connectome shares certain elements with the vestibular system, and it is known that vestibular afferents project via the vestibular nuclei to the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM)-the final output nucleus for generating MSNA. Here we consider how vestibular afferents interact with other components of the central sympathetic connectome, with particular emphasis on the potential roles of the insula and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) as possible core integrative sites for vestibular and higher cortical processes. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:4811-4832, 2023.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
38
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Comprehensive Physiology is the most authoritative and comprehensive collection of physiology information ever assembled, and uses the most powerful features of review journals and electronic reference works to cover the latest key developments in the field, through the most authoritative articles on the subjects covered. This makes Comprehensive Physiology a valued reference work on the evolving science of physiology for both researchers and clinicians. It also provides a useful teaching tool for instructors and an informative resource for medical students and other students in the life and health sciences.
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