出生时的母亲教育和15岁时的青少年早餐消费:黑人的收益递减。

J Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI:10.3390/j3030024
Shervin Assari, Shanika Boyce, Mohsen Bazargan, Cleopatra H Caldwell, Ron Mincy
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引用次数: 14

摘要

背景:基于边缘化相关收益递减(mdr)框架,高社会经济地位(SES)如父母教育对黑人的影响弱于白人。例如,高SES黑人报告高水平的抑郁、焦虑、自杀、慢性疾病、吸烟和死亡率。对父母饮食行为教育的mdr了解有限。目的:在mdr框架的基础上,我们检验了父母教育对黑人家庭和白人家庭吃早餐的影响是否不同的假设。我们假设母亲的受教育程度与吃早餐之间存在关联,并比较了黑人和白人母亲的受教育程度对吃早餐频率的影响。方法:《脆弱家庭与儿童福利研究》是一项为期15年的跟踪研究,随机选取了20万以上人口城市的新生儿。预测因子是出生时父母的教育程度。结果是15岁时吃早餐的频率。采用线性回归进行数据分析。结果:在白人中,母亲出生时的受教育程度与青少年吃早餐的频率呈正相关,而非黑人。我们还发现母亲出生时受教育程度和种族之间存在显著的相互作用,这表明母亲受教育程度与15岁时青少年吃早餐频率之间的关联在黑人家庭中比白人家庭弱。结论:母亲受教育程度对青少年健康饮食影响的降低可能是高SES黑人家庭健康状况不佳的种族差异的原因之一。也就是说,与白人青年相比,母亲教育对改变黑人青年健康行为的保护作用较小,这可能是高SES黑人家庭健康状况比预期更差的机制之一。健康方面的差异不仅是由于社会经济地位方面的种族差异造成的,而且也是由于少数种族的教育等社会经济地位指标的回报递减造成的。研究应研究降低黑人家庭在城市环境中调动其人力资本和确保健康结果的能力的背景和结构因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Maternal Education at Birth and Youth Breakfast Consumption at Age 15: Blacks' Diminished Returns.

Background: Based on the Marginalization-related Diminished Returns (MDRs) framework, high socioeconomic status (SES) such as parental education shows weaker effects for Blacks than Whites. For example, high SES Black individuals report a high level of depression, anxiety, suicide, chronic disease, smoking, and mortality. Limited knowledge exists on MDRs of parental education on dietary behavior.

Aims: Built on the MDRs framework, we tested the hypothesis of whether the effect of parental education on eating breakfast differs for Black compared to White families. We hypothesized that there is an association between mothers' educational attainment and eating breakfast and compared Blacks and Whites for the effect of mothers' educational attainment on the frequency of eating breakfast.

Methods: The Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study is a 15-year follow up study of a random sample of births in cities larger than 200,000 population. The predictor was parental education at birth. The outcome was the frequency of eating breakfast at age 15. Linear regression was used for data analysis.

Results: Maternal educational attainment at birth was positively associated with youth frequency of eating breakfast among Whites, not Blacks. We also found a significant interaction between maternal educational attainment at birth and race, suggesting that the association between maternal education and youth frequency of eating breakfast at age 15 was weaker for Black than White families.

Conclusions: Diminished returns of maternal educational attainment on healthy youth diet may contribute to the racial disparities in poor health of high SES Black families. That is, a smaller protective effect of maternal education on changing health behaviors for Black than White youth may be one of the mechanisms by which health is worse than expected in high SES Black families. The health disparities are not only due to racial differences in SES but also the diminishing returns of socioeconomic status indicators such as education for racial minorities. Research should study contextual and structural factors that reduce Black families' ability to mobilize their human capital and secure health outcomes in urban settings.

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