灵长类星爆无毛细胞模型中方向选择的两种机制。

IF 1.1 4区 医学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES
Jiajia Wu, Yeon Jin Kim, Dennis M Dacey, John B Troy, Robert G Smith
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在最近的一项研究中,首次在猕猴视网膜的星爆无突细胞中记录了视觉信号,并且在小鼠和兔子的树突尖端附近记录了钙信号的定向偏差。从胞体到胞尖的刺激运动比从胞尖到胞体的刺激运动产生更大的钙信号。影响兴奋性突触后电流时空累积的两种机制被认为有助于星爆树突尖端的定向信号传导:(1)一种“形态学”机制,在这种机制中,兴奋性突触电流沿树突的电紧张传播优先将树突尖端的双极细胞输入累加在离心方向的刺激运动中;(2)“时空”机制依赖于近端和远端双极细胞输入的时间过程差异,有利于离心刺激运动。为了探索这两种机制在灵长类动物中的作用,我们基于猕猴星爆细胞的连接组重建及其来自持续和短暂双极细胞类型的突触输入分布建立了一个现实的计算模型。我们的模型表明,这两种机制都可以启动星爆树突的方向选择性,但它们的贡献取决于刺激的时空特性。具体来说,在小的视觉物体高速运动时,形态机制占主导地位,而在大的视觉物体低速运动时,时空机制贡献最大。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Two mechanisms for direction selectivity in a model of the primate starburst amacrine cell.

Two mechanisms for direction selectivity in a model of the primate starburst amacrine cell.

Two mechanisms for direction selectivity in a model of the primate starburst amacrine cell.

Two mechanisms for direction selectivity in a model of the primate starburst amacrine cell.

In a recent study, visual signals were recorded for the first time in starburst amacrine cells of the macaque retina, and, as for mouse and rabbit, a directional bias observed in calcium signals was recorded from near the dendritic tips. Stimulus motion from the soma toward the tip generated a larger calcium signal than motion from the tip toward the soma. Two mechanisms affecting the spatiotemporal summation of excitatory postsynaptic currents have been proposed to contribute to directional signaling at the dendritic tips of starbursts: (1) a "morphological" mechanism in which electrotonic propagation of excitatory synaptic currents along a dendrite sums bipolar cell inputs at the dendritic tip preferentially for stimulus motion in the centrifugal direction; (2) a "space-time" mechanism that relies on differences in the time-courses of proximal and distal bipolar cell inputs to favor centrifugal stimulus motion. To explore the contributions of these two mechanisms in the primate, we developed a realistic computational model based on connectomic reconstruction of a macaque starburst cell and the distribution of its synaptic inputs from sustained and transient bipolar cell types. Our model suggests that both mechanisms can initiate direction selectivity in starburst dendrites, but their contributions differ depending on the spatiotemporal properties of the stimulus. Specifically, the morphological mechanism dominates when small visual objects are moving at high velocities, and the space-time mechanism contributes most for large visual objects moving at low velocities.

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来源期刊
Visual Neuroscience
Visual Neuroscience 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
5.30%
发文量
8
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Visual Neuroscience is an international journal devoted to the publication of experimental and theoretical research on biological mechanisms of vision. A major goal of publication is to bring together in one journal a broad range of studies that reflect the diversity and originality of all aspects of neuroscience research relating to the visual system. Contributions may address molecular, cellular or systems-level processes in either vertebrate or invertebrate species. The journal publishes work based on a wide range of technical approaches, including molecular genetics, anatomy, physiology, psychophysics and imaging, and utilizing comparative, developmental, theoretical or computational approaches to understand the biology of vision and visuo-motor control. The journal also publishes research seeking to understand disorders of the visual system and strategies for restoring vision. Studies based exclusively on clinical, psychophysiological or behavioral data are welcomed, provided that they address questions concerning neural mechanisms of vision or provide insight into visual dysfunction.
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