Amber M Hall, Alexander P Keil, Giehae Choi, Amanda M Ramos, David B Richardson, Andrew F Olshan, Chantel L Martin, Gro D Villanger, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Pål Zeiner, Kristin R Øvergaard, Amrit K Sakhi, Cathrine Thomsen, Heidi Aase, Stephanie M Engel
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EF was measured using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning-Preschool (BRIEF-P) and the Stanford-Binet fifth edition (SB-5). EF scores were scaled so a higher score indicated worse performance. We estimated exposure-outcome associations and evaluated modification by child sex using linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher DnBP was associated with lower EF scores across multiple rater-based domains. Higher DPhP and BDCIPP were associated with lower SB-5 verbal working memory (β = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.12, 0.87; β = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.08, 1.02), and higher BBOEP was associated with lower teacher-rated inhibition (β = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.01, 0.63). DPhP was associated with lower parent-reported BRIEF-P measures in boys but not girls [inhibition: boys: 0.37 (95% CI = 0.03, 0.93); girls: -0.48 (95% CI = -1.27, 0.19); emotional control: boys: 0.44 (95% CI = -0.13, 1.26); girls: -0.83 (95% CI = -1.73, -0.00); working memory: boys: 0.49 (95% CI = 0.03, 1.08); girls: -0.40 (95% CI = -1.11, 0.36)]. Fewer sex interactions were observed for DnBP, BBOEP, and BDCIPP, with irregular patterns observed across EF domains.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found some evidence prenatal OPE exposure may impact EF in preschoolers and variation in associations by sex.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2023-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4c/d3/ee9-7-e251.PMC10256412.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Prenatal organophosphate ester exposure and executive function in Norwegian preschoolers.\",\"authors\":\"Amber M Hall, Alexander P Keil, Giehae Choi, Amanda M Ramos, David B Richardson, Andrew F Olshan, Chantel L Martin, Gro D Villanger, Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud, Pål Zeiner, Kristin R Øvergaard, Amrit K Sakhi, Cathrine Thomsen, Heidi Aase, Stephanie M Engel\",\"doi\":\"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000251\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are ubiquitous chemicals, used as flame retardants and plasticizers. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
有机磷酸酯（OPE）是一种无处不在的化学品，可用作阻燃剂和增塑剂。作为其他受控化合物的替代品，OPE 的使用量随着时间的推移而增加。本研究调查了产前接触 OPE 对学龄前儿童执行功能（EF）的影响：我们从挪威母亲、父亲和儿童队列研究（Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study）中选取了 340 名学龄前儿童。对母体尿液中的磷酸二苯酯（DPhP）、磷酸二正丁酯（DnBP）、磷酸二（2-丁氧基乙基）酯（BBOEP）和磷酸二（1,3-二氯-2-丙基）酯（BDCIPP）进行了测量。EF采用学前执行功能行为评定量表（BRIEF-P）和斯坦福-比奈第五版（SB-5）进行测量。EF得分按比例计算，得分越高表示表现越差。我们估算了暴露与结果之间的关联，并使用线性回归法评估了儿童性别对结果的影响：结果：在基于测评者的多个领域中，较高的 DnBP 与较低的 EF 分数相关。较高的 DPhP 和 BDCIPP 与较低的 SB-5 言语工作记忆相关（β = 0.49，95% CI = 0.12，0.87；β = 0.53，95% CI = 0.08，1.02），较高的 BBOEP 与较低的教师评分抑制相关（β = 0.34，95% CI = 0.01，0.63）。在男孩中，DPhP 与家长报告的 BRIEF-P 测量值较低有关，但与女孩无关[抑制：男孩：0.37（95% CI = 0.03，0.93）；女孩：-0.48（95% CI =-1.27，0.19）；情绪控制：男生：0.44（95% CI = -0.13，1.26）；女生：-0.83（95% CI =-1.73，-0.00）；工作记忆：男生：0.49（95% CI = 0.03，1.08）；女生：-0.40（95% CI =-1.11，0.36）]。在 DnBP、BBOEP 和 BDCIPP 中观察到的性别交互作用较少，在 EF 领域观察到的模式不规则：结论：我们发现一些证据表明，产前暴露于 OPE 可能会影响学龄前儿童的 EF，而且不同性别之间的相关性存在差异。
Prenatal organophosphate ester exposure and executive function in Norwegian preschoolers.
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are ubiquitous chemicals, used as flame retardants and plasticizers. OPE usage has increased over time as a substitute for other controlled compounds. This study investigates the impact of prenatal OPE exposure on executive function (EF) in preschoolers.
Methods: We selected 340 preschoolers from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study. Diphenyl-phosphate (DPhP), di-n-butyl-phosphate (DnBP), bis(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (BBOEP), and bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP) were measured in maternal urine. EF was measured using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning-Preschool (BRIEF-P) and the Stanford-Binet fifth edition (SB-5). EF scores were scaled so a higher score indicated worse performance. We estimated exposure-outcome associations and evaluated modification by child sex using linear regression.
Results: Higher DnBP was associated with lower EF scores across multiple rater-based domains. Higher DPhP and BDCIPP were associated with lower SB-5 verbal working memory (β = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.12, 0.87; β = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.08, 1.02), and higher BBOEP was associated with lower teacher-rated inhibition (β = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.01, 0.63). DPhP was associated with lower parent-reported BRIEF-P measures in boys but not girls [inhibition: boys: 0.37 (95% CI = 0.03, 0.93); girls: -0.48 (95% CI = -1.27, 0.19); emotional control: boys: 0.44 (95% CI = -0.13, 1.26); girls: -0.83 (95% CI = -1.73, -0.00); working memory: boys: 0.49 (95% CI = 0.03, 1.08); girls: -0.40 (95% CI = -1.11, 0.36)]. Fewer sex interactions were observed for DnBP, BBOEP, and BDCIPP, with irregular patterns observed across EF domains.
Conclusions: We found some evidence prenatal OPE exposure may impact EF in preschoolers and variation in associations by sex.
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