当前和回顾性认知储备(2CR)调查及其与认知和情绪测量的关系。

IF 3.7 2区 社会学 Q1 GERONTOLOGY
Erika Borella, Paolo Ghisletta, Elena Carbone, Stephen Aichele
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引用次数: 0

摘要

认知储备(CR)通常通过人口统计、生活方式和社会行为变量的调查来评估。然而,过去和现在的生活经历对CR的作用很少被研究。我们开发了当前和回顾性认知储备(2CR)调查,以评估经典的认知储备代理(社会经济地位,休闲和社会活动的参与)和其他潜在重要性的维度(家庭参与,宗教/精神活动)。成年后期)和回顾性(CRr;从年轻的成年回忆起)。我们对235名居住在意大利社区的成年人(55-90岁)进行了2CR、一般认知功能、工作记忆(WM)、结晶词汇和流体推理智力以及抑郁症状(DS)的测量。我们使用探索性和验证性因素分析来检验2CR潜在结构,并估计其维度与认知能力和DS的相关性。分析证实了一个三层次的因素结构,其中顶层是两个全局CR因素(CRc和CRr),中层是维度CR因素(社会经济地位、家庭参与、休闲活动、社会参与和宗教/精神活动),最低层次是观察项目。项目因子表征在CRc和CRr之间存在部分差异。CRc和CRr与智力、WM和DS均呈显著正相关,但CRr与智力的相关性更强,而WM和DS与CRc的相关性略强。如果CRc与CRr密切相关,但也与智力、WM和DS有不同的关联,那么2CR可以被认为是在多维的、“依赖生命阶段”的框架内评估CR代理的可靠调查。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

The Current and Retrospective Cognitive Reserve (2CR) survey and its relationship with cognitive and mood measures.

The Current and Retrospective Cognitive Reserve (2CR) survey and its relationship with cognitive and mood measures.

Cognitive Reserve (CR) is often assessed with surveys spanning demographic, lifestyle, and socio-behavioral variables. The role of both past and current life experiences on CR has, however, rarely been examined. We developed the Current and Retrospective Cognitive Reserve (2CR) survey to assess classical CR proxies (socio-economic status, engagement in leisure and social activities) and other dimensions of potential importance (family engagement, religious/spiritual activity) both currently (CRc; in later adulthood) and retrospectively (CRr; as recalled from younger adulthood). We administered the 2CR, measures of general cognitive functioning, working memory (WM), crystallized-vocabulary- and fluid-reasoning-intelligence, and depressive symptoms (DS) to 235 community-dwelling Italian adults (ages 55-90 years). We used exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to examine the 2CR latent structure, and we estimated correlations of its dimensions with cognitive abilities and DS. Analyses confirmed a three-level factor structure with two global CR factors (CRc and CRr) at the top level, dimensional CR factors (socio-economic status, family engagement, leisure activity, social engagement, and religious/spiritual activity) at mid-level and observed items at the lowest level. Item-factor representations partially differed across CRc and CRr. Both CRc and CRr were positively correlated with measures of intelligence, WM and DS, but associations of measures of intelligence were stronger for CRr, whereas associations of WM and DS were slightly stronger for CRc. The 2CR can be considered a reliable survey for assessing CR proxies within a multidimensional, "life stage-dependent" framework insofar as CRc are CRr closely related but also differently associated with intelligence, WM, and DS.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
7.90%
发文量
72
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Ageing: Social, Behavioural and Health Perspectives is an interdisciplinary journal devoted to the understanding of ageing in European societies and the world over. EJA publishes original articles on the social, behavioral and population health aspects of ageing and encourages an integrated approach between these aspects. Emphasis is put on publishing empirical research (including meta-analyses), but conceptual papers (including narrative reviews) and methodological contributions will also be considered. EJA welcomes expert opinions on critical issues in ageing. By stimulating communication between researchers and those using research findings, it aims to contribute to the formulation of better policies and the development of better practice in serving older adults. To further specify, with the term ''social'' is meant the full scope of social science of ageing related research from the micro to the macro level of analysis. With the term ''behavioural'' the full scope of psychological ageing research including life span approaches based on a range of age groups from young to old is envisaged. The term ''population health-related'' denotes social-epidemiological and public health oriented research including research on functional health in the widest possible sense.
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