Selma Saad Merouwe, Raymond Bertram, Sami Richa, Kurt Eggers
{"title":"语言病理学家对有和无口吃双语儿童口吃严重程度的判断。","authors":"Selma Saad Merouwe, Raymond Bertram, Sami Richa, Kurt Eggers","doi":"10.1159/000528520","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recent studies conducted with bilingual populations have shown that bilingual children who do not stutter (CWNS) are often less fluent than their monolingual counterparts, which seems to affect the accuracy with which speech-language pathologists (SLPs) identify stuttering in bilinguals. That is, misdiagnosis appears frequently in bilingual children and is more likely to occur with bilingual CWNS (false positives) than with bilingual CWS (false negatives).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The goal of the current study was to gain insight in the extent of this misdiagnosis. Speech samples of 6 Lebanese bilingual CWNS and 2 CWS were rated by Lebanese SLPs in an audio-only and audiovisual presentation mode. SLPs had to identify each child as stuttering or not and subsequently rate on a 6-point scale the stuttering severity for each child. SLPs also provided background information by means of a questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that stuttering severity ratings (1) were on average significantly higher for CWS than for CWNS, (2) were for each CWS higher than for all but one of the CWNS, (3) varied significantly among the CWNS but not the CWS, (4) were not affected by the presentation mode, and (5) correlated positively with the percentage of stuttering-like disfluencies (SLD) and the mean number of iterations, but not with the percentage of other disfluencies (OD).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Misdiagnosed bilingual CWNS are perceived by the SLPs as having a mild stutter, primarily based on the frequency of their disfluencies, but can be occasionally rated at par with CWS. Further research differentiating the disfluent speech of bilingual children who do and do not stutter is needed to reach a more adequate diagnosis of stuttering.</p>","PeriodicalId":12114,"journal":{"name":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","volume":"75 3","pages":"164-176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Stuttering Severity Judgments by Speech-Language Pathologists of Bilingual Children Who Do and Do Not Stutter.\",\"authors\":\"Selma Saad Merouwe, Raymond Bertram, Sami Richa, Kurt Eggers\",\"doi\":\"10.1159/000528520\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recent studies conducted with bilingual populations have shown that bilingual children who do not stutter (CWNS) are often less fluent than their monolingual counterparts, which seems to affect the accuracy with which speech-language pathologists (SLPs) identify stuttering in bilinguals. That is, misdiagnosis appears frequently in bilingual children and is more likely to occur with bilingual CWNS (false positives) than with bilingual CWS (false negatives).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The goal of the current study was to gain insight in the extent of this misdiagnosis. Speech samples of 6 Lebanese bilingual CWNS and 2 CWS were rated by Lebanese SLPs in an audio-only and audiovisual presentation mode. SLPs had to identify each child as stuttering or not and subsequently rate on a 6-point scale the stuttering severity for each child. SLPs also provided background information by means of a questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that stuttering severity ratings (1) were on average significantly higher for CWS than for CWNS, (2) were for each CWS higher than for all but one of the CWNS, (3) varied significantly among the CWNS but not the CWS, (4) were not affected by the presentation mode, and (5) correlated positively with the percentage of stuttering-like disfluencies (SLD) and the mean number of iterations, but not with the percentage of other disfluencies (OD).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Misdiagnosed bilingual CWNS are perceived by the SLPs as having a mild stutter, primarily based on the frequency of their disfluencies, but can be occasionally rated at par with CWS. Further research differentiating the disfluent speech of bilingual children who do and do not stutter is needed to reach a more adequate diagnosis of stuttering.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":12114,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica\",\"volume\":\"75 3\",\"pages\":\"164-176\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528520\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528520","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"AUDIOLOGY & SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Stuttering Severity Judgments by Speech-Language Pathologists of Bilingual Children Who Do and Do Not Stutter.
Introduction: Recent studies conducted with bilingual populations have shown that bilingual children who do not stutter (CWNS) are often less fluent than their monolingual counterparts, which seems to affect the accuracy with which speech-language pathologists (SLPs) identify stuttering in bilinguals. That is, misdiagnosis appears frequently in bilingual children and is more likely to occur with bilingual CWNS (false positives) than with bilingual CWS (false negatives).
Methods: The goal of the current study was to gain insight in the extent of this misdiagnosis. Speech samples of 6 Lebanese bilingual CWNS and 2 CWS were rated by Lebanese SLPs in an audio-only and audiovisual presentation mode. SLPs had to identify each child as stuttering or not and subsequently rate on a 6-point scale the stuttering severity for each child. SLPs also provided background information by means of a questionnaire.
Results: The results showed that stuttering severity ratings (1) were on average significantly higher for CWS than for CWNS, (2) were for each CWS higher than for all but one of the CWNS, (3) varied significantly among the CWNS but not the CWS, (4) were not affected by the presentation mode, and (5) correlated positively with the percentage of stuttering-like disfluencies (SLD) and the mean number of iterations, but not with the percentage of other disfluencies (OD).
Conclusion: Misdiagnosed bilingual CWNS are perceived by the SLPs as having a mild stutter, primarily based on the frequency of their disfluencies, but can be occasionally rated at par with CWS. Further research differentiating the disfluent speech of bilingual children who do and do not stutter is needed to reach a more adequate diagnosis of stuttering.
期刊介绍:
Published since 1947, ''Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica'' provides a forum for international research on the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of structures of the speech, language, and hearing mechanisms. Original papers published in this journal report new findings on basic function, assessment, management, and test development in communication sciences and disorders, as well as experiments designed to test specific theories of speech, language, and hearing function. Review papers of high quality are also welcomed.