Susanne S Hoeppner, Rachel A Millstein, Kaitlyn R Siegel, Hannah A Carlon, Lauren E Harnedy, Wei-Jean Chung, Jeff C Huffman, Bettina B Hoeppner
{"title":"一项辅助分析，考察了国家乐观度量（SOM）与生活取向测验修订版（LOT-R）在测量乐观情绪方面的性能比较。","authors":"Susanne S Hoeppner, Rachel A Millstein, Kaitlyn R Siegel, Hannah A Carlon, Lauren E Harnedy, Wei-Jean Chung, Jeff C Huffman, Bettina B Hoeppner","doi":"10.1080/08870446.2022.2126472","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Optimism is an important factor impacting health and human functioning. Originally conceptualized as a trait, increasing evidence indicates that optimism can change over time and could be an intervention target. Measures are needed that can capture changes in optimism.</p><p><p><b>Design:</b> In this secondary analysis, we compared the performance of a newly developed state measure, the State Optimism Measure (SOM), to the widely used trait measure, the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), in detecting changes over time during a disruptive life event: the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.</p><p><p><b>Main Outcome Measures:</b> Participants (n = 81) were nondaily smokers participating in a smoking cessation intervention, who completed the SOM and LOT-R before and after the initial COVID-19 outbreak.</p><p><p><b>Results:</b> Optimism declined from pre- to post-COVID-19 outbreak, as assessed by both scales (LOT-R: <i>p</i>=.0147,<i>g</i><sub>av</sub>=0.23; SOM: <i>p</i><.0001,<i>g</i><sub>av</sub>=0.56). The change detected was greater when measured by the SOM (<i>p</i><.0001). Changes in optimism were correlated with concurrent changes in perceived stress, positive affect, and negative affect.</p><p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> Our results suggest that the SOM has a greater sensitivity to detect within-person changes in optimism than the LOT-R and highlight the SOM's utility for longitudinal studies assessing changes in optimism.</p>","PeriodicalId":20718,"journal":{"name":"Psychology & Health","volume":" ","pages":"989-1004"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10039955/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A secondary analysis examining the performance of the State Optimism Measure (SOM) compared to the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) in measuring optimism over time.\",\"authors\":\"Susanne S Hoeppner, Rachel A Millstein, Kaitlyn R Siegel, Hannah A Carlon, Lauren E Harnedy, Wei-Jean Chung, Jeff C Huffman, Bettina B Hoeppner\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/08870446.2022.2126472\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Optimism is an important factor impacting health and human functioning. Originally conceptualized as a trait, increasing evidence indicates that optimism can change over time and could be an intervention target. Measures are needed that can capture changes in optimism.</p><p><p><b>Design:</b> In this secondary analysis, we compared the performance of a newly developed state measure, the State Optimism Measure (SOM), to the widely used trait measure, the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), in detecting changes over time during a disruptive life event: the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.</p><p><p><b>Main Outcome Measures:</b> Participants (n = 81) were nondaily smokers participating in a smoking cessation intervention, who completed the SOM and LOT-R before and after the initial COVID-19 outbreak.</p><p><p><b>Results:</b> Optimism declined from pre- to post-COVID-19 outbreak, as assessed by both scales (LOT-R: <i>p</i>=.0147,<i>g</i><sub>av</sub>=0.23; SOM: <i>p</i><.0001,<i>g</i><sub>av</sub>=0.56). The change detected was greater when measured by the SOM (<i>p</i><.0001). Changes in optimism were correlated with concurrent changes in perceived stress, positive affect, and negative affect.</p><p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> Our results suggest that the SOM has a greater sensitivity to detect within-person changes in optimism than the LOT-R and highlight the SOM's utility for longitudinal studies assessing changes in optimism.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":20718,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Psychology & Health\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"989-1004\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10039955/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Psychology & Health\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2022.2126472\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"心理学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2022/9/26 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Psychology & Health","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2022.2126472","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/9/26 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
A secondary analysis examining the performance of the State Optimism Measure (SOM) compared to the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) in measuring optimism over time.
Objective: Optimism is an important factor impacting health and human functioning. Originally conceptualized as a trait, increasing evidence indicates that optimism can change over time and could be an intervention target. Measures are needed that can capture changes in optimism.
Design: In this secondary analysis, we compared the performance of a newly developed state measure, the State Optimism Measure (SOM), to the widely used trait measure, the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), in detecting changes over time during a disruptive life event: the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.
Main Outcome Measures: Participants (n = 81) were nondaily smokers participating in a smoking cessation intervention, who completed the SOM and LOT-R before and after the initial COVID-19 outbreak.
Results: Optimism declined from pre- to post-COVID-19 outbreak, as assessed by both scales (LOT-R: p=.0147,gav=0.23; SOM: p<.0001,gav=0.56). The change detected was greater when measured by the SOM (p<.0001). Changes in optimism were correlated with concurrent changes in perceived stress, positive affect, and negative affect.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that the SOM has a greater sensitivity to detect within-person changes in optimism than the LOT-R and highlight the SOM's utility for longitudinal studies assessing changes in optimism.
期刊介绍：
Psychology & Health promotes the study and application of psychological approaches to health and illness. The contents include work on psychological aspects of physical illness, treatment processes and recovery; psychosocial factors in the aetiology of physical illnesses; health attitudes and behaviour, including prevention; the individual-health care system interface particularly communication and psychologically-based interventions. The journal publishes original research, and accepts not only papers describing rigorous empirical work, including meta-analyses, but also those outlining new psychological approaches and interventions in health-related fields.
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