耕地边缘的花朵增加增加了蛾的数量和多样性。

IF 1.9 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY
Journal of Insect Conservation Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-23 DOI:10.1007/s10841-023-00469-9
Dan Blumgart, Marc S Botham, Rosa Menéndez, James R Bell
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引用次数: 1

摘要

自20世纪中期以来,西北欧大部分地区的蛾类数量有所下降,部分原因是农业集约化。农业环境计划(AES)在欧洲各地广泛实施,以保护农业景观中的生物多样性。在增加昆虫丰度和多样性方面,富含野花的草地边缘通常优于纯草边缘。然而,野花富集对蛾类的影响在很大程度上仍未得到研究。在此,研究了在AES田边缘内寄主幼虫和花蜜资源对成虫的相对重要性。比较了两种处理和一种对照:(i)普通草混合物,对照,(ii)仅富含飞蛾授粉花朵的草混合物,和(iii)富含13种野花的草混合物。与普通草相比,野花处理的丰富度、物种丰富度和香农多样性分别高出1.4倍、1.8倍和3.5倍。不同处理之间的多样性差异在第二年变得更大。普通草处理和富含虫媒花的草在总丰度、丰富度或多样性方面没有差异。野花处理中丰度和多样性的增加主要是由于提供了寄主幼虫,而花蜜的提供作用较小。幼虫寄主植物包括播种的野花的物种的相对丰度在第二年增加,这表明新栖息地已经定植。对昆虫保护的影响。我们表明,在农场规模上,通过播种不同的野花边缘,与纯草边缘相比,为这些昆虫提供幼虫寄主植物和花卉资源,蛾的多样性可以大大增强,数量可以适度增加。补充信息:在线版本包含补充材料,可访问10.1007/s10841-023-00469-9。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Floral enhancement of arable field margins increases moth abundance and diversity.

Floral enhancement of arable field margins increases moth abundance and diversity.

Floral enhancement of arable field margins increases moth abundance and diversity.

Floral enhancement of arable field margins increases moth abundance and diversity.

Moth populations have declined across large parts of north-western Europe since the mid-20th century due, in part, to agricultural intensification. Agri-environment schemes (AES) are widely implemented across Europe to protect biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. Grass field margins enriched with wildflowers typically out-perform grass-only margins in terms of increasing insect abundance and diversity. However, the effect of wildflower enrichment on moths remains largely unstudied. Here, the relative importance of larval hostplants and nectar resources for adult moths within AES field margins are investigated. Two treatments and a control were compared: (i) a plain grass mix, the control, (ii) a grass mix enriched with only moth-pollinated flowers, and (iii) a grass mix enriched with 13 wildflower species. Abundance, species richness and Shannon diversity were up to 1.4, 1.8 and 3.5 times higher, respectively, in the wildflower treatment compared to plain grass. The difference in diversity between treatments became greater in the second year. There was no difference in total abundance, richness or diversity between the plain grass treatment and grass enriched with moth-pollinated flowers. The increase in abundance and diversity in the wildflower treatment was due primarily to the provision of larval hostplants, with nectar provision playing a smaller role. The relative abundance of species whose larval hostplants included sown wildflowers increased in the second year, suggesting colonisation of the new habitat. Implications for insect conservation. We show that, at the farm scale, moth diversity can be greatly enhanced and abundance moderately enhanced by sowing diverse wildflower margins, providing these insects with both larval hostplants and floral resources, compared to grass-only margins.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10841-023-00469-9.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
10.50%
发文量
76
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Insect Conservation is an international journal devoted to the publication of articles concerned with the conservation of insects and related invertebrates. The Journal of Insect Conservation publishes papers on all aspects of conservation and biodiversity related to the insects and closely related groups such as Arachnids and Myriapods, including ecological work which has conservation implications. Research papers may address the subject at the community, population or species level, may cover aspects of behaviour, taxonomy or genetics, be theoretical or practical, and be local or global in nature. Review articles are welcome as well as points of view which are likely to stimulate debate. From time to time the journal will publish Special Issues on specific subject areas which are the focus of current research. Proposals for such issues are welcome.
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