{"title":"等局部水平在R包qconf改进Q-Q地块测试波段中的应用。","authors":"Eric Weine, Mary Sara McPeek, Mark Abney","doi":"10.18637/jss.v106.i10","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantile-Quantile (Q-Q) plots are often difficult to interpret because it is unclear how large the deviation from the theoretical distribution must be to indicate a lack of fit. Most Q-Q plots could benefit from the addition of meaningful global testing bands, but the use of such bands unfortunately remains rare because of the drawbacks of current approaches and packages. These drawbacks include incorrect global Type I error rate, lack of power to detect deviations in the tails of the distribution, relatively slow computation for large data sets, and limited applicability. To solve these problems, we apply the equal local levels global testing method, which we have implemented in the R Package <b>qqconf</b>, a versatile tool to create Q-Q plots and probability-probability (P-P) plots in a wide variety of settings, with simultaneous testing bands rapidly created using recently-developed algorithms. <b>qqconf</b> can easily be used to add global testing bands to Q-Q plots made by other packages. In addition to being quick to compute, these bands have a variety of desirable properties, including accurate global levels, equal sensitivity to deviations in all parts of the null distribution (including the tails), and applicability to a range of null distributions. We illustrate the use of <b>qqconf</b> in several applications: assessing normality of residuals from regression, assessing accuracy of <i>p</i> values, and use of Q-Q plots in genome-wide association studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":17237,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Statistical Software","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4000,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10193564/pdf/nihms-1890451.pdf","citationCount":"3","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Application of Equal Local Levels to Improve Q-Q Plot Testing Bands with R Package qqconf.\",\"authors\":\"Eric Weine, Mary Sara McPeek, Mark Abney\",\"doi\":\"10.18637/jss.v106.i10\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Quantile-Quantile (Q-Q) plots are often difficult to interpret because it is unclear how large the deviation from the theoretical distribution must be to indicate a lack of fit. Most Q-Q plots could benefit from the addition of meaningful global testing bands, but the use of such bands unfortunately remains rare because of the drawbacks of current approaches and packages. These drawbacks include incorrect global Type I error rate, lack of power to detect deviations in the tails of the distribution, relatively slow computation for large data sets, and limited applicability. To solve these problems, we apply the equal local levels global testing method, which we have implemented in the R Package <b>qqconf</b>, a versatile tool to create Q-Q plots and probability-probability (P-P) plots in a wide variety of settings, with simultaneous testing bands rapidly created using recently-developed algorithms. <b>qqconf</b> can easily be used to add global testing bands to Q-Q plots made by other packages. In addition to being quick to compute, these bands have a variety of desirable properties, including accurate global levels, equal sensitivity to deviations in all parts of the null distribution (including the tails), and applicability to a range of null distributions. We illustrate the use of <b>qqconf</b> in several applications: assessing normality of residuals from regression, assessing accuracy of <i>p</i> values, and use of Q-Q plots in genome-wide association studies.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":17237,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Statistical Software\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10193564/pdf/nihms-1890451.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"3\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Statistical Software\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"94\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v106.i10\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"计算机科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Statistical Software","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v106.i10","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Application of Equal Local Levels to Improve Q-Q Plot Testing Bands with R Package qqconf.
Quantile-Quantile (Q-Q) plots are often difficult to interpret because it is unclear how large the deviation from the theoretical distribution must be to indicate a lack of fit. Most Q-Q plots could benefit from the addition of meaningful global testing bands, but the use of such bands unfortunately remains rare because of the drawbacks of current approaches and packages. These drawbacks include incorrect global Type I error rate, lack of power to detect deviations in the tails of the distribution, relatively slow computation for large data sets, and limited applicability. To solve these problems, we apply the equal local levels global testing method, which we have implemented in the R Package qqconf, a versatile tool to create Q-Q plots and probability-probability (P-P) plots in a wide variety of settings, with simultaneous testing bands rapidly created using recently-developed algorithms. qqconf can easily be used to add global testing bands to Q-Q plots made by other packages. In addition to being quick to compute, these bands have a variety of desirable properties, including accurate global levels, equal sensitivity to deviations in all parts of the null distribution (including the tails), and applicability to a range of null distributions. We illustrate the use of qqconf in several applications: assessing normality of residuals from regression, assessing accuracy of p values, and use of Q-Q plots in genome-wide association studies.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Statistical Software (JSS) publishes open-source software and corresponding reproducible articles discussing all aspects of the design, implementation, documentation, application, evaluation, comparison, maintainance and distribution of software dedicated to improvement of state-of-the-art in statistical computing in all areas of empirical research. Open-source code and articles are jointly reviewed and published in this journal and should be accessible to a broad community of practitioners, teachers, and researchers in the field of statistics.