真核生物性别起源中的短期优势:细胞融合对细胞周期持续时间的影响以及与细胞周期持续时间相关的其他效应——光合单细胞生物中细胞生长曲线与物种最佳大小和昼夜细胞周期的关系。

J M Mancebo Quintana, S Mancebo Quintana
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引用次数: 0

摘要

性的起源正成为进化生物学中一个令人烦恼的问题。基于性别的遗传效应、营养效应或囊肿和合胞体的形成,已经提出了许多假设。我们的方法解决了细胞周期持续时间的变化,这将导致细胞融合。通过图形分析、数学分析和计算机模拟得到了一些结果。(1)在恶劣的环境下,细胞融合将是一种有利的策略,因为不同大小的细胞之间的融合缩短了较小细胞的周期(相对于无性繁殖周期),并且大多数合并将发生在不同大小的细胞之间。(2)最容易进化的细胞增殖(有性/无性)调节将是通过修改细胞周期的检查点。(3)这种调节需要G2阶段的存在,因此性别可能是这一阶段出现的原因。在细胞周期方面,(4)在单细胞物种中,指数曲线是唯一不影响最佳细胞大小的细胞生长曲线;(5)单细胞藻类在细胞周期结束时存在无生长的平台期,解释了单细胞藻类的昼夜节律周期。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

A Short-Term Advantage for Syngamy in the Origin of Eukaryotic Sex: Effects of Cell Fusion on Cell Cycle Duration and Other Effects Related to the Duration of the Cell Cycle-Relationship between Cell Growth Curve and the Optimal Size of the Species, and Circadian Cell Cycle in Photosynthetic Unicellular Organisms.

A Short-Term Advantage for Syngamy in the Origin of Eukaryotic Sex: Effects of Cell Fusion on Cell Cycle Duration and Other Effects Related to the Duration of the Cell Cycle-Relationship between Cell Growth Curve and the Optimal Size of the Species, and Circadian Cell Cycle in Photosynthetic Unicellular Organisms.

A Short-Term Advantage for Syngamy in the Origin of Eukaryotic Sex: Effects of Cell Fusion on Cell Cycle Duration and Other Effects Related to the Duration of the Cell Cycle-Relationship between Cell Growth Curve and the Optimal Size of the Species, and Circadian Cell Cycle in Photosynthetic Unicellular Organisms.

A Short-Term Advantage for Syngamy in the Origin of Eukaryotic Sex: Effects of Cell Fusion on Cell Cycle Duration and Other Effects Related to the Duration of the Cell Cycle-Relationship between Cell Growth Curve and the Optimal Size of the Species, and Circadian Cell Cycle in Photosynthetic Unicellular Organisms.

The origin of sex is becoming a vexatious issue for Evolutionary Biology. Numerous hypotheses have been proposed, based on the genetic effects of sex, on trophic effects or on the formation of cysts and syncytia. Our approach addresses the change in cell cycle duration which would cause cell fusion. Several results are obtained through graphical and mathematical analysis and computer simulations. (1) In poor environments, cell fusion would be an advantageous strategy, as fusion between cells of different size shortens the cycle of the smaller cell (relative to the asexual cycle), and the majority of mergers would occur between cells of different sizes. (2) The easiest-to-evolve regulation of cell proliferation (sexual/asexual) would be by modifying the checkpoints of the cell cycle. (3) A regulation of this kind would have required the existence of the G2 phase, and sex could thus be the cause of the appearance of this phase. Regarding cell cycle, (4) the exponential curve is the only cell growth curve that has no effect on the optimal cell size in unicellular species; (5) the existence of a plateau with no growth at the end of the cell cycle explains the circadian cell cycle observed in unicellular algae.

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