21世纪的海洋哺乳动物保护:向有意识的保护范式转变的请求。

3区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Fabian Ritter
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引用次数: 0

摘要

海洋哺乳动物受到公众的高度尊重,被认为是保护的旗舰物种,与此同时,它们在全球范围内受到人类活动的影响,而且往往是极端的影响。似乎我们人类对海洋生物的看法与我们如何影响和/或保护它们之间存在巨大差异。在这里,我研究了为什么在过去的几十年里,纯粹的科学和智力方法对海洋哺乳动物的保护收效甚微。虽然在鲸类动物保护方面有一些明显的成功案例,但对于许多物种和种群来说,今天的情况比以往任何时候都更加可怕。“我们需要知道更多”的理念——科学界的信条——经常被政治歪曲,以推迟必要的保护决定。为了调整我们的道路,走向更深刻,更重要的是,更有效的海洋保护,作为保护主义者,我们需要更深入地改变分离的叙述,即人类与自然其他部分分开的概念。相反,有必要创造一种连通性的叙述,即人类是行星系统不可分割的一部分的意识。除了讲述海洋哺乳动物困境的恐怖故事,环保主义者还需要激发我们对它们的积极情绪。我们需要在未来的努力中纳入更全面的保护方面,包括更充分地整合传统知识和土著智慧,认识到海洋生物的生态系统功能,保护它们所维持的过程,尊重自然的“神圣性”,同时关注动物的个性、人格和不同社区的文化认同。只有在深刻改变我们自己的价值观和从根本上改变我们所生活的社会制度的基础上,才有可能有效地保护海洋哺乳动物。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Marine mammal conservation in the 21st century: A plea for a paradigm shift towards mindful conservation.

Marine mammals are regarded in high esteem by the general public, and are recognized as flagship species for conservation, while at the same time they suffer from anthropogenic impacts on a global scale, and often in extreme ways. It seems there is a huge discrepancy between how we humans think about our fellow creatures in the sea, and how we behave to impact and/or conserve them. Here, I examine why the purely scientific and thus intellectual approach to marine mammal conservation has had limited success over the past decades. While there are some obvious success stories in cetacean conservation, the situation today is, for many species and populations, more dire than it has ever been. The idea of 'we need to know more'-a credo of the scientific community-often is politically misrepresented to postpone necessary conservation decisions. To adapt our path towards more profound and, importantly, more effective marine conservation, as conservationists we need to go deeper and change the narrative of separation, i.e., the concept of humans being set apart from the rest of nature. Instead, there is a need to create a narrative of connectedness, i.e., the consciousness of humans being an integral part of the planetary system. Rather than telling horror stories about the plight of marine mammals, conservationists also need to trigger positive emotions about them in ourselves. More holistic aspects of conservation need to be incorporated in our future efforts, including the fuller integration of traditional knowledge and indigenous wisdom, recognizing ecosystem functions of marine life and protecting the processes they sustain, respecting 'holiness' of nature while focusing on the animals' individuality, personhood and the cultural identity of distinct communities. Effective marine mammal conservation will be possible only on the basis of a profound change of our own values and a fundamental change of the societal system we are living in.

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来源期刊
Advances in Marine Biology
Advances in Marine Biology MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY-
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
6
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: Advances in Marine Biology was first published in 1963 under the founding editorship of Sir Frederick S. Russell, FRS. Now edited by Charles Sheppard, the serial publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics which will appeal to postgraduates and researchers in marine biology, fisheries science, ecology, zoology and biological oceanography. Eclectic volumes in the series are supplemented by thematic volumes on such topics as The Biology of Calanoid Copepods.
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