Mirjam Czjzek, Elizabeth Ficko-Blean, Jean-Guy Berrin
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A special issue of Essays in Biochemistry on current advances about CAZymes and their impact and key role in human health and environment.
Carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes) and their biochemical characterization have been the subject of extensive research over the past ten years due to their importance to carbohydrate metabolism in different biological contexts. For instance, the understanding that 'polysaccharide utilizing loci' (PUL) systems hosted by specific 'carbohydrate degraders' in the intestinal microbiota play key roles in health and disease, such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis or colorectal cancer to name the most well-characterized, has led to an outstanding effort in trying to decipher the molecular mechanisms by which these processes are organized and regulated. The past 10 years has also seen the expansion of CAZymes with auxiliary activities, such as lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) or even sulfatases, and interest has grown in general about the enzymes needed to remove the numerous decorations and modifications of complex biomass, such as carbohydrate esterases (CE). Today, the characterization of these 'modifying' enzymes allows us to tackle a much more complex biomass, which presents sulfations, methylations, acetylations or interconnections with lignin. This special issue about CAZyme biochemistry covers all these aspects, ranging from implications in disease to environmental and biotechnological impact, with a varied collection of twenty-four review articles providing current biochemical, structural and mechanistic insights into their respective topics.
期刊介绍:
Essays in Biochemistry publishes short, digestible reviews from experts highlighting recent key topics in biochemistry and the molecular biosciences. Written to be accessible for those not yet immersed in the subject, each article is an up-to-date, self-contained summary of the topic.
Bridging the gap between the latest research and established textbooks, Essays in Biochemistry will tell you what you need to know to begin exploring the field, as each article includes the top take-home messages as summary points.
Each issue of the journal is guest edited by a key opinion leader in the area, and whether you are continuing your studies or moving into a new research area, the Journal gives a complete picture in one place.
Essays in Biochemistry is proud to publish Understanding Biochemistry, an essential online resource for post-16 students, teachers and undergraduates. Providing up-to-date overviews of key concepts in biochemistry and the molecular biosciences, the Understanding Biochemistry issues of Essays in Biochemistry are published annually in October.