被掠夺的文物与博物馆对帝国主义和种族主义的延续:对保护文化遗产重要性的影响。

IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Geraldine L. Palmer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2020 年 5 月,乔治-弗洛伊德(George Floyd)和其他黑人、土著人和有色人种(BIPOC)在美国被警察暴力杀害,在最近的抗议和反种族主义运动中,世界各地的抗议者和倡导者认识到,西方政府和其他机构有必要反思自己的帝国主义历史,承认奴隶贸易、殖民主义和种族主义之间的联系。这一认识促使人们拆除了描绘种族主义殖民领导人的雕像,并呼吁那些通过接受和展示被掠夺文物而使帝国主义和种族主义永久化的博物馆归还这些文物。本文试图回答征稿启事中提出的问题,即如果社会现状不愿意接触这些问题、解决这些问题并放弃权力,那么种族主义的多种表现形式能否在我们的社会中得到有效解决。此外,作者还认为文化掠夺的根源在于殖民主义和种族主义,并讨论了被盗文化遗产与个人和社区福祉之间的联系。对这个问题的回答包括:是的,种族主义的表现形式是可以解决的;否的,当机构和政府拒绝参与、解决这个问题并且不放弃权力时,种族主义的表现形式是无法解决的。文章还包括作者对使用活遗产方法保护文化遗产的思考,并提出了社区心理学家、倡导者和活动家可以帮助博物馆非殖民化的建议,作为更广泛的社会和种族正义运动的一部分。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Looted artifacts and museums' perpetuation of imperialism and racism: Implications for the importance of preserving cultural heritage

In the midst of recent protests and antiracism movements following the death of George Floyd in May of 2020 and other Black, Indigenous, and people of Color (BIPOC) murdered in the United States by police violence, protestors and advocates around the world recognized the need for Western governments and other institutions to reckon with their own imperial history—to acknowledge the linkage between the slave trade, colonialism, and racism in their countries. This recognition led to the tearing down of statues depicting racist colonial leaders and calling for museums who have perpetuated imperialism and racism through their acceptance and display of looted artifacts to return them. This article sought to answer the question posed in the call for papers, can the many manifestations of racism be effectively dealt with in our society if the status quo is unwilling to engage with the issues, address them, and relinquish power. Further the author argues that cultural looting has its roots in colonialism and racism and discusses implications of the linkage between one's stolen cultural heritage and individual and community well-being. Answers to the question include both yes, manifestations of racism can be addressed, and no, they cannot be addressed when institutions and governments refuse to engage, address the issue and do not relinquish power. The article also includes the author's thoughts on using a living heritage approach to preserve cultural heritage and offers suggestions that community psychologists, advocates and activists can help to decolonize museums as part of the broader social and racial justice movement.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
9.70%
发文量
55
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Community Psychology publishes original quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research; theoretical papers; empirical reviews; reports of innovative community programs or policies; and first person accounts of stakeholders involved in research, programs, or policy. The journal encourages submissions of innovative multi-level research and interventions, and encourages international submissions. The journal also encourages the submission of manuscripts concerned with underrepresented populations and issues of human diversity. The American Journal of Community Psychology publishes research, theory, and descriptions of innovative interventions on a wide range of topics, including, but not limited to: individual, family, peer, and community mental health, physical health, and substance use; risk and protective factors for health and well being; educational, legal, and work environment processes, policies, and opportunities; social ecological approaches, including the interplay of individual family, peer, institutional, neighborhood, and community processes; social welfare, social justice, and human rights; social problems and social change; program, system, and policy evaluations; and, understanding people within their social, cultural, economic, geographic, and historical contexts.
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