性别化的生命历程和晚年的认知功能:特定情境的性别规范和终身就业的作用。

IF 3.7 2区 社会学 Q1 GERONTOLOGY
Ariane Bertogg, Anja K Leist
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引用次数: 1

摘要

随着预期寿命的延长,痴呆症构成了一项流行病学挑战。由于尚未开发出治疗方法,对预防因素的研究变得至关重要。以往的研究强调终身就业对认知刺激和社会情感的好处,但对跨社会群体和社会背景的异质模式的研究仍然很少。社会学方法在提供对健康不平等的见解方面具有很大的潜力,并有助于研究这一重大的社会挑战。我们利用欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查的纵向和回顾性信息,调查了19个欧洲国家50至75岁男性和女性以前的就业经历对认知功能的影响。我们将就业履历和认知功能方面的个人信息与性别规范的背景措施联系起来,使用男性和女性在就业和家庭中的角色的总体认同率。我们发现以前的工作对男女认知功能的影响是不同的。兼职工作有利于女性的认知功能,但不利于男性的认知功能。传统的性别规范与较低的认知功能水平有关,并且缓和了以前的工作与认知功能之间的联系。在更传统的性别规范背景下,男性的非全日制就业与较低的认知功能有关,而女性的非全日制就业与较高的认知功能有关。我们得出结论,就业和非就业参与可以根据个体特征和环境的不同,有利于或阻碍认知储备的终身积累,而行为偏离规范的人处于不利地位。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Gendered life courses and cognitive functioning in later life: the role of context-specific gender norms and lifetime employment.

Gendered life courses and cognitive functioning in later life: the role of context-specific gender norms and lifetime employment.

Gendered life courses and cognitive functioning in later life: the role of context-specific gender norms and lifetime employment.

Gendered life courses and cognitive functioning in later life: the role of context-specific gender norms and lifetime employment.

With increasing life expectancy, dementia poses an epidemiological challenge. As a cure has not been developed, the investigation into preventive factors becomes pivotal. Previous research emphasizes the cognitively stimulating and socio-emotional benefits of lifetime employment, but research on heterogeneous patterns across social groups and societal contexts remains sparse. Sociological approaches have a promising potential to provide insights into health inequalities and can contribute to the study of this major societal challenge. We investigate the influence of previous employment biographies on cognitive functioning for men and women aged 50 to 75 in 19 European countries, using longitudinal and retrospective information from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. We link individual information on employment biographies and cognitive functioning to contextual measures of gender norms, using aggregated agreement rates to both men's and women's role in employment and family. We find that previous employment affects cognitive functioning men and women differently. Part-time employment is beneficial for women's cognitive functioning, but not for men's. Traditional gender norms are associated with lower levels of cognitive functioning for both genders and moderate the linkage between previous employment and cognitive functioning. In contexts with more traditional gender norms, men's part-time employment is associated with lower and women's part-time employment with higher cognitive functioning. We conclude that employment and non-employment participation can, depending on characteristics of individuals and contexts, benefit or hinder the life-course accumulation of cognitive reserve, and those with norm-deviating behaviour are disadvantaged.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
7.90%
发文量
72
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Ageing: Social, Behavioural and Health Perspectives is an interdisciplinary journal devoted to the understanding of ageing in European societies and the world over. EJA publishes original articles on the social, behavioral and population health aspects of ageing and encourages an integrated approach between these aspects. Emphasis is put on publishing empirical research (including meta-analyses), but conceptual papers (including narrative reviews) and methodological contributions will also be considered. EJA welcomes expert opinions on critical issues in ageing. By stimulating communication between researchers and those using research findings, it aims to contribute to the formulation of better policies and the development of better practice in serving older adults. To further specify, with the term ''social'' is meant the full scope of social science of ageing related research from the micro to the macro level of analysis. With the term ''behavioural'' the full scope of psychological ageing research including life span approaches based on a range of age groups from young to old is envisaged. The term ''population health-related'' denotes social-epidemiological and public health oriented research including research on functional health in the widest possible sense.
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