促甲状腺激素受体自身抗体的生物测定

IF 6.1 1区 医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Paul D. Olivo (Adjunct Assistant Professor)
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引用次数: 1

摘要

使用动物模型进行生物测定是发现促甲状腺激素和增强我们对垂体-甲状腺轴生理学理解的重要工具。这些相同的生物测定也有助于发现促甲状腺激素受体(TSH-R-Ab)的自身抗体,并确定其在Graves病病理生理学中的作用。基于细胞的生物测定的发展使我们对TSH-R-Ab的功能活性的了解取得了进一步的进展,并发现TSH-R-Ab可以刺激甲状腺或阻断甲状腺,并且它们发生在除Graves病之外的其他类型的自身免疫性甲状腺疾病(AITD)中。最近,TSH-R-Ab生物测定已经从研究工具发展到临床实验室测试。尽管TSH-R-Ab可以用竞争性结合免疫测定法测量,但这些测定法不能提供关于TSH-R-Ab功能活性的信息。相反,生物测定可以区分TSH-R-Ab的刺激或阻断活性,这提供了临床有用的信息,可以为AITD患者的管理提供信息。然而,TSH-R-Ab生物测定的临床应用迄今为止受到其固有复杂性和长周转时间的限制。生物传感器的最新进展已被应用于开发快速且简单的TSH-R-Ab生物测定。我们现在正进入一个时代,在这个时代,TSH-R-Ab的生物测定几乎可以通过任何临床实验室进行常规测量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Bioassays for thyrotropin receptor autoantibodies

Bioassays using animal models were essential tools in the discovery of thyrotropin and in enhancing our understanding of the physiology of the pituitary-thyroid axis. These same bioassays were also instrumental in the discovery of autoantibodies to the thyrotropin receptor (TSH-R-Ab) and in identifying their role in the pathophysiology of Graves’ disease. The development of cell-based bioassays led to further advances in our knowledge of the functional activity of TSH-R-Ab and to the discovery that TSH-R-Ab can be either thyroid-stimulating or thyroid blocking, and that they occur in other types of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) besides Graves’ disease. More recently, TSH-R-Ab bioassays have been advanced from research tools to clinical laboratory tests. Whereas TSH-R-Ab can be measured with competitive-binding immunoassays, these assays do not provide information on the functional activity of TSH-R-Ab. Bioassays, in contrast, can differentiate between the stimulatory or blocking activity of TSH-R-Ab which provides clinically useful information that can inform the management of patients with AITD. The clinical use of TSH-R-Ab bioassays, however, has been limited to-date by their inherent complexity and long turn-around-time. Recent advances in biosensors have been applied to the development of TSH-R-Ab bioassays that are rapid and simple to perform. We now are entering an era in which bioassays for TSH-R-Ab can be measured routinely by virtually any clinical laboratory.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
11.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
77
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism is a serial publication that integrates the latest original research findings into evidence-based review articles. These articles aim to address key clinical issues related to diagnosis, treatment, and patient management. Each issue adopts a problem-oriented approach, focusing on key questions and clearly outlining what is known while identifying areas for future research. Practical management strategies are described to facilitate application to individual patients. The series targets physicians in practice or training.
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