Evaluación de nuevos criterios de osteoporosis en la diabetes tipo 2

Objective

Recent data suggest new diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): femoral neck Tscore below -1.9 in women and below -2.1 in men. Our objective was to evaluate the percentage of patients diagnosed with osteoporosis according to these new criteria in a population of T2DM patients, and to analyse if there were differences compared to the WHO criteria for osteoporosis.

Material and methods

Cross-sectional study including 78 T2DM patients. Bone mineral density (BMD) was evaluated by dual X-Ray absorptiometry (DXA, Hologic QDR 4500). The percentage of patients with osteoporosis was determined using the WHO criteria (T-score <2.5) and also according to the new criteria. Data were processed and analysed with SPSS 15.0.

Results

Mean age was 57.8 years (57.8±6.4). According to the WHO criteria, 19% of patients had lumbar osteoporosis, 2.6% osteoporosis in femoral neck (FN), and 4% in total femur (TF). When the new criteria were used, 29% of patients had lumbar spine osteoporosis, 11.5% FN osteoporosis, and 10% TF osteoporosis (P<.05 for all compared to WHO classification).

Conclusions

The application of the new criteria for diagnosis of osteoporosis in T2DM enables a higher number of cases to be identified, which can help to improve the assessment of fracture risk in T2DM.