{"title":"原油中的咔唑","authors":"Ye.B. Frolov, M.B. Smirnov, N.A. Vanyukova, P.I. Sanin","doi":"10.1016/0031-6458(89)90099-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p></p><ul><li><span>1.</span><span><p>1. A chromatographic method has been proposed for selective and complete isolation of carbazole derivatives from crude oils and their distillate fractions.</p></span></li><li><span>2.</span><span><p>2. The individual composition of carbazoles from four crude oils of different fields has been investigated. The carbazoles in the crude oils consist of a wide range of homologues and isomer. A number of carbazole derivatives have been identified by means of GLC using synthesized standard compounds. Of these derivatives, 1,8-di, 1,3,8-, 1,4,8-, and 2,4,8-tri, and 1,3,5,8- and 1,2,4,8- and/or 1,3,4,8-tetramethylcarbazoles and also 1-ethyl- and 1- and 4-n-propylcarbazoles have been found in crude oils for the first time. C<sub>4</sub>-C<sub>5</sub>-polymethyl-substituted alkylcarbazoles predominate among the carbazole derivatives. The ratios of isomers for the different crude oils can vary widely.</p></span></li><li><span>3.</span><span><p>3. <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy yields information on the nature of the substituents and their distribution between positions in the heterocycle. In particular, in alkylcarbazole specimens it is possible to determine the degree of substitution of positions 1, 4, and positions 2 and 3 together by CH<sub>3</sub> groups, as well as the content of 1,8-substituted isomers.</p></span></li><li><span>4.</span><span><p>4. Isomers with substituted 1- and 1,8-positions predominate in the crude oils studied.</p></span></li></ul></div>","PeriodicalId":19738,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Chemistry U.s.s.r.","volume":"29 2","pages":"Pages 87-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0031-6458(89)90099-3","citationCount":"19","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Carbazoles of crude oil\",\"authors\":\"Ye.B. Frolov, M.B. Smirnov, N.A. Vanyukova, P.I. Sanin\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/0031-6458(89)90099-3\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p></p><ul><li><span>1.</span><span><p>1. A chromatographic method has been proposed for selective and complete isolation of carbazole derivatives from crude oils and their distillate fractions.</p></span></li><li><span>2.</span><span><p>2. The individual composition of carbazoles from four crude oils of different fields has been investigated. The carbazoles in the crude oils consist of a wide range of homologues and isomer. A number of carbazole derivatives have been identified by means of GLC using synthesized standard compounds. Of these derivatives, 1,8-di, 1,3,8-, 1,4,8-, and 2,4,8-tri, and 1,3,5,8- and 1,2,4,8- and/or 1,3,4,8-tetramethylcarbazoles and also 1-ethyl- and 1- and 4-n-propylcarbazoles have been found in crude oils for the first time. C<sub>4</sub>-C<sub>5</sub>-polymethyl-substituted alkylcarbazoles predominate among the carbazole derivatives. The ratios of isomers for the different crude oils can vary widely.</p></span></li><li><span>3.</span><span><p>3. <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy yields information on the nature of the substituents and their distribution between positions in the heterocycle. In particular, in alkylcarbazole specimens it is possible to determine the degree of substitution of positions 1, 4, and positions 2 and 3 together by CH<sub>3</sub> groups, as well as the content of 1,8-substituted isomers.</p></span></li><li><span>4.</span><span><p>4. Isomers with substituted 1- and 1,8-positions predominate in the crude oils studied.</p></span></li></ul></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19738,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Petroleum Chemistry U.s.s.r.\",\"volume\":\"29 2\",\"pages\":\"Pages 87-102\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"1989-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0031-6458(89)90099-3\",\"citationCount\":\"19\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Petroleum Chemistry U.s.s.r.\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0031645889900993\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Petroleum Chemistry U.s.s.r.","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0031645889900993","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
1. A chromatographic method has been proposed for selective and complete isolation of carbazole derivatives from crude oils and their distillate fractions.
2.
2. The individual composition of carbazoles from four crude oils of different fields has been investigated. The carbazoles in the crude oils consist of a wide range of homologues and isomer. A number of carbazole derivatives have been identified by means of GLC using synthesized standard compounds. Of these derivatives, 1,8-di, 1,3,8-, 1,4,8-, and 2,4,8-tri, and 1,3,5,8- and 1,2,4,8- and/or 1,3,4,8-tetramethylcarbazoles and also 1-ethyl- and 1- and 4-n-propylcarbazoles have been found in crude oils for the first time. C4-C5-polymethyl-substituted alkylcarbazoles predominate among the carbazole derivatives. The ratios of isomers for the different crude oils can vary widely.
3.
3. 1H NMR spectroscopy yields information on the nature of the substituents and their distribution between positions in the heterocycle. In particular, in alkylcarbazole specimens it is possible to determine the degree of substitution of positions 1, 4, and positions 2 and 3 together by CH3 groups, as well as the content of 1,8-substituted isomers.
4.
4. Isomers with substituted 1- and 1,8-positions predominate in the crude oils studied.
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