印度母亲饮食模式与婴儿出生体重和大小的关系:2005年至2016年全国家庭健康调查的证据

Brajesh Brajesh, C. Shekhar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:孕妇饮食多样性是婴儿出生体重和出生尺寸的主要决定因素。在怀孕期间,母亲的饮食高度依赖于他们的地形,文化和社会人口环境。目的:本研究的目的是评估印度母亲膳食摄入量与儿童出生体重和出生尺寸以及社会人口因素之间的关系。材料和方法:本研究的数据来自2005 - 2006年和2015 - 2016年在印度举行的国家家庭健康调查(NFHS)。采用卡方检验检验母亲饮食方式与出生体重和尺寸的相关性,采用logistic回归模型控制社会人口学因素,分析母亲饮食方式对出生体重和尺寸的影响。结果:母亲每天摄入鱼、肉、绿叶蔬菜和水果与较高的出生体重或尺寸以及较低的宫内发育迟缓风险有关。2种饮食多样性组的婴儿低出生体重(LBW)和体型比例显著高于2种饮食多样性组,3种和4种饮食多样性组的婴儿低出生体重(LBW)和体型小的比例较低(比值范围为1.09 ~ 1.44)和1.15 ~ 1.59)。此外,低出生顺序、母亲体重过轻、母亲受教育程度低和财富状况与不良出生结局显著正相关。结论:新生儿的出生体重和体型与母亲的饮食摄入量呈正相关。为了实现产妇饮食多样性的目标,并实现双重奖励,政府应该更多地关注怀孕期间的营养补充和食品安全计划,其中还包括营养教育以及行为和社会改变干预策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Association of maternal dietary patterns with child birth weight and size in India: Evidence from National Family Health Survey, 2005 to 2016
Background: Maternal dietary diversity during pregnancy is a major determinant of birth weight and birth size of infant. During pregnancy, mother diet is highly dependent on their topographical, cultural, and sociodemographic circumstances. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the association between the maternal dietary intake with child birth weight and birth size along with the sociodemographic factors in India. Materials and Methods: The data for this study were drawn from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS), 2005 to 2006 and 2015 to 2016 held in India. Inferential statistical analysis Chi-square was built to test was used to examine the association between maternal dietary patterns, and logistic regression model was used to analyze the effect of mother’s dietary patterns on child birth weight and size by controlling the sociodemographic factors. Results: Mother’s daily intake of fish, meat, green leafy vegetables, and fruits was associated with higher birth weight or size and lower risk of intrauterine growth retardation. Women with ?2 dietary diversity categories had significantly higher proportion of low birth weight (LBW) and size of babies comparatively to those in the ?2 dietary diversity categories, there were lesser chance of LBW and small size of babies with women’s dietary diversity 3 (odds ranges from 1.09 to 1.44) or ?4 (odds ranges from 1.15 to 1.59). Furthermore, low birth order, mother’s underweight status, low maternal education, and wealth status significantly have positive association with the poor birth outcomes. Conclusion: The birth weight and size of newborns were found positively associated with the mother’s dietary intake. To meet the aim of maternal dietary diversity and to achieve the double bonus, the government should focus more on supplementation and food security programs during pregnancy that also include nutritional education as well as behavioral and social change interventions strategies.
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