Phenylene diamine mediated covalent grafting of polyaniline on reduced graphene oxide for optical Limiting

We have covalently functionalized reduced graphene oxide with camphor sulphonic acid doped polyaniline using phenylene diamine as a linker and the hybrid was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Nonlinear optical properties of the hybrid, graphite oxide and the pristine polyaniline were investigated by open aperture Z-scan technique at 532 nm. At the same mass concentration (0.2 g/l), the hybrid exhibited improved limiting compared to the GO and pristine polyaniline due to the synergetic combination of nonlinear mechanisms of polyaniline and reduced graphene oxide.