Design of artificial cells: artificial biochemical systems, their thermodynamics and kinetics properties

ABSTRACT From the top-down view, an organism is constituted by an assembly of cells where a network of molecules interacts to create a regulated complex system. Cells are a universe of molecular interactions maintained under non-equilibrium regimes. The complex network of interactions drives life where DNA and epigenetic signals are considered as the memory of a cell. The full understanding of these interactions is the first step toward the design of artificial synthetic pathways controlling a program. In our review, we present some insights into the different methods and designs applicable for the development of synthetic artificial cells. A self-replicative process of these cells, thermodynamic and kinetic features, as well as equilibrium systems of artificial cells, will enable scientists to have an in-depth knowledge of this domain. Furthermore, the cascade of encoded molecular chemical interactions orchestrated by the genetic program DNA, biomolecules, epigenetic signals, and nano-factory modulation will be discussed in terms of their application in the entire set of interactomes within a cell.