Genetic strategies to accomplish cellulosic ethanol production

Cellulosic ethanol production is one of thefuels which play an important role for human naturein the near future. However, ethanol production atpresent uses sugar feedstock substrate from sugarcane and starch from cassava. These substrates arefood resources for human and animals thus are notappropriate substrates for liquid fuel production. Forthis reason, cellulosic biomass from cellulose andhemicellulose is an alternative option for liquid fuelproduction to overcome competitive problems onfood cultivated area. However, higher cost ofcellulosic ethanol production than petroleum fuels is an important issue that has an impact on liquid fuelmanufacture. In this review, useful strategies forcellulosic ethanol process improvement aredescribed in order to create potent alternative energywith economically and commercially acceptableprofit. The strategies can be divided into three parts:first, production of hydrolysis enzyme by plant;second, pretreatment of biomass by controllinglignin and cellulose property; and third, increasingpolysaccharide amount in biomass for ethanolfermentation. In sumary, all strategies will beenhanced together to access the goal to develop theuse of cellulosic ethanol in the near future.