热载体流动中压力自振荡的出现以及减少这些振荡幅度的机制的发展

B. Basok, B. Davydenko, V. Novikov, S. Goncharuk, L. Kuzhel, O. Lysenko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在某些情况下,带有内部热源的电力设备元件中产生的压力自振荡会损害设备的运行。在自振荡的高振幅下,它的损坏条件可以被创造出来。热声自振荡是流动不稳定的结果。伴随热声自振荡产生的过程的一个众所周知的例子是振动燃烧,这是在火箭发动机中观察到的,在高炉的空气加热器等。为了确定压力自振荡的特性,对具有内部局部放热的垂直通道内的自然对流进行了数值研究。来自内部源的热释放发生在通道的有限部分,这更接近通道的入口横截面。在通道的出口横截面处,存在一个同轴圆柱体系统,该系统对气流构成额外的局部水力阻力。考虑到空气的热物理性质与温度的关系,从可压缩介质的动力学和传热方程组的数值解出发,确定了通道内伴随速度和压力自振荡的气流特性。根据求解结果,确定了流动中的速度场、压力场和温度场。结果表明,流速和压力随时间的变化具有变幅振荡特征。通道出口的速度振荡与通道进口的速度振荡呈反相。求出了这些振荡的振幅和频率。确定了减小流动压力波动幅度的措施。其中-内部热释放源的分散和局部水力阻力的减少。这些措施可以用来减少自振荡对电力设备的负面影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The emergence of pressure self-oscillations in the flow of heat carriers and the development of mechanisms for reducing the amplitude of these oscillations
Self-oscillations of pressure arising in the elements of power equipment with an internal heat supply can, in some cases, impair the operation of this equipment. At high amplitudes of self-oscillations, conditions for its damage can be created. Thermoacoustic self-oscillations are a consequence of flow instability. A well-known example of processes accompanied by the generation of thermoacoustic self-oscillations is vibration combustion, which is observed in rocket engines, in air heaters for blast furnaces, etc. In order to determine the characteristics of pressure self-oscillations, numerical studies of natural convection in a vertical channel with internal local heat release are carried out. Heat release from internal sources occurs in a limited section of the channel, which is closer to the inlet cross section of the channel. At the outlet cross section of the channel, there is a system of coaxial cylindrical bodies that constitute additional local hydraulic resistance to air flow. The characteristics of the air flow in the channel, which are accompanied by self-oscillations of velocity and pressure, are determined from the numerical solution of the system of equations of dynamics and heat transfer for a compressible medium, taking into account the dependence of the thermophysical properties of air on temperature. Based on the results of this solution, the velocity, pressure and temperature fields in the flow are determined. It is shown that changes in flow velocity and pressure with time have the character of oscillations with variable amplitude. Velocity oscillations at the channel outlet are in antiphase with velocity oscillations at the channel inlet. The amplitudes and frequencies of these oscillations are found. The measures were determined to reduce the amplitude of pressure fluctuations in the flow. Among them - the dispersal of sources of internal heat release and a decrease in local hydraulic resistance. These measures can be applied to reduce the negative impact of self-oscillations on power equipment.
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