Efficacy prediction and molecular mechanism of thyroid hormone levels and multi-target TKI therapy for renal cell carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma

Hypothyroidism is a common adverse reaction in clinical multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and may be used as a predictor of efficacy of TKI drugs. Studies show that hypothyroidism is significantly associated with good prognosis in patients with renal cell carcinoma treated with multi-target TKI, which may be related to inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor pathway, potential off-target effects and inhibition of cell proliferation. Whereas in the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who received multi-target TKI therapy, hypothyroidism is an indicator of poor prognosis, which is related to the T3/TR pathway regulating liver cancer growth and invasion. The predictive function and mechanism of thyroid hormone levels in different tumor patients receiving multi-target TKI drugs are different, and further research is still needed. Key words: Thyroid hormones; Neoplasms; Prognosis; Tyrosine kinase inhibitors