砷与内华达山脉山麓的历史金矿开采有关:加州帝国矿山历史公园的案例研究和实地考察指南

1区地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI:10.2138/RMG.2014.79.13

C. Alpers, Perry Myers, D. Millsap, T. Regnier

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引用次数: 10

摘要

从19世纪50年代到20世纪50年代，帝国矿和格拉斯谷矿区的其他矿山生产了至少2130万金合盎司(663吨)的金(Au)，使其成为加州历史上产量最高的硬岩金矿区(Clark 1970)。帝国矿山州立历史公园(Empire Mine SHP或EMSHP)成立于1975年，为公众提供了一个机会，可以看到许多保存完好的历史采矿和矿物加工业务特征(CDPR 2014a)。在帝国矿山和其他地方进行金矿开采的遗留问题是矿山废物和相关土壤、地表水和地下水受到砷(As)、汞(Hg)、铅(Pb)和其他金属的污染。在EMSHP, As一直是人们关注的主要污染物，也是加利福尼亚州、公园和娱乐部(DPR)和纽蒙特美国有限公司在过去几年中广泛修复工作的重点。此外，该地点是一个多学科研究项目的主要焦点，该项目是由加州有毒物质控制部(DTSC)领导的，由美国环境保护署(USEPA)布朗菲尔德计划资助的。本章是为2014年6月14日在加州内华达市举行的“砷的环境地球化学、矿物学和微生物学”短期课程进行的EMSHP实地考察准备的指南。本指南包含EMSHP和内华达山脉其他历史上的金矿区的地质背景信息、采矿历史和环境历史，以及对实地考察站点的描述。区域地质:empire Mine SHP位于内华达山脉西坡山麓的Grass Valley矿区(图1)。内华达山脉山麓(SNFH)造山带黄金省从该镇绵延150英里(240公里)。

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Arsenic Associated with Historical Gold Mining in the Sierra Nevada Foothills: Case Study and Field Trip Guide for Empire Mine State Historic Park, California

The Empire Mine, together with other mines in the Grass Valley mining district, produced at least 21.3 million troy ounces (663 tonnes) of gold (Au) during the 1850s through the 1950s, making it the most productive hardrock Au mining district in California history (Clark 1970). The Empire Mine State Historic Park (Empire Mine SHP or EMSHP), established in 1975, provides the public with an opportunity to see many well-preserved features of the historic mining and mineral processing operations (CDPR 2014a). A legacy of Au mining at Empire Mine and elsewhere is contamination of mine wastes and associated soils, surface waters, and groundwaters with arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and other metals. At EMSHP, As has been the principal contaminant of concern and the focus of extensive remediation efforts over the past several years by the State of California, Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR) and Newmont USA, Ltd. In addition, the site is the main focus of a multidisciplinary research project on As bioavailability and bioaccessibility led by the California Department of Toxic Substances Control (DTSC) and funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA’s) Brownfields Program. This chapter was prepared as a guide for a field trip to EMSHP held on June 14, 2014, in conjunction with a short course on “Environmental Geochemistry, Mineralogy, and Microbiology of Arsenic” held in Nevada City, California on June 15–16, 2014. This guide contains background information on geological setting, mining history, and environmental history at EMSHP and other historical Au mining districts in the Sierra Nevada, followed by descriptions of the field trip stops. ### Regional geology Empire Mine SHP is located in the Grass Valley mining district on the western-sloping foothills of the Sierra Nevada (Fig. 1). The Sierra Nevada Foothills (SNFH) orogenic gold province stretches 150 miles (240 km) from the town …

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来源期刊

Reviews in Mineralogy & Geochemistry 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

8.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： RiMG is a series of multi-authored, soft-bound volumes containing concise reviews of the literature and advances in theoretical and/or applied mineralogy, crystallography, petrology, and geochemistry. The content of each volume consists of fully developed text which can be used for self-study, research, or as a text-book for graduate-level courses. RiMG volumes are typically produced in conjunction with a short course but can also be published without a short course. The series is jointly published by the Mineralogical Society of America (MSA) and the Geochemical Society.