R van den Elzen, J Guillén, V Ruiz-del-Valle, L M Allende, E Lowy, J Zamora, A Arnaiz-Villena
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引用次数: 0
摘要
通过线粒体细胞色素b(mt cyt b)DNA测序和同源表型特征研究了南美黄雀的辐射;后者根据性别分别编码。研究人员构建了混合表型和分子(总证据)树枝图,相应的分析表明,南美鶸类的物种分化始于沿安第斯山脊由北向南的分离(Carduelis notata/C. barbata)。第二次分离可能发生在秘鲁安第斯山脉附近,与 C. olivacea 目前的分布模式相对应。最近的物种分化似乎发生在三个姐妹种对:(i) C. xanthogastra/C. atrata,(ii) C. magellanica/C. yarrellii,(iii) C. cucullata/C. crassirostris。在树枝图的基部节点上,形态学和分子数据中一致特征的积累表明,物种分化事件发生在很短的时间内。我们的数据还表明,在这一辐射中,物种的形成可能是通过雌性交配选择进行性选择的结果。此外,对 mt 细胞 b 分子中可变氨基酸残基的研究表明,发现的三个可变氨基酸位于线粒体跨膜区,这也是哺乳动物超变异区的一部分。这三个氨基酸的变化分别出现在三个假定的进化组中。
Both morphological and molecular characters support speciation of South American siskins by sexual selection.
South American siskin radiation was studied by both mitochondrial cytochrome b (mt cyt b) DNA sequencing and homologous phenotypic characters; the latter were coded separately according to sex. Mixed phenetic and molecular (total evidence) dendrograms were constructed and the corresponding analyses suggest that speciation started in the South American siskin group with a north to south separation (Carduelis notata/C. barbata) along the Andean spine. A second split may have taken place around the Peruvian Andean mountains, corresponding to the present distribution pattern of C. olivacea. The most recent speciation events seem to have occurred in three sister species pairs: (i) C. xanthogastra/C. atrata, (ii) C. magellanica/C. yarrellii, (iii) C. cucullata/C. crassirostris. Accumulation of consistent characters in both morphological and molecular data at the basal nodes of the dendrograms indicate that speciation events occurred within a short period of time. Our data also suggest that speciation probably occurred by sexual selection through female mating choice in this radiation. Additionally, studies of variable amino acid residues in the mt cyt b molecule show that the three variable amino acids found are placed in the mitochondrial transmembrane region, which is also part of the hypervariable region in mammals. Each of the three amino acid changes occur in each of the three postulated evolutionary groups.