Application of Carbon Nanotubes for Removal of Fluoride from Wastewater

ABSTRACT In this study, a chemical vapor deposition method was used for synthesis of carbon nanotubes on kaolin substrates. The structure of the carbon nanotubes was studied using scanning electron microscopy. To examine the adsorption behavior of the carbon nanotubes, chemical surface treatment was carried out with nitric acid. The surface functional groups were determined according to Boehm titration. The point of zero charge (pHpzc) of the treated sample was measured by acid–base titration. The amount of fluoride adsorbed on the carbon nanotubes was determined using an ion-selective electrode.