ANALYSIS OF THE PRODUCTIVITY OF TRITICALE VARIETIES AND INITIAL WHEAT AND RYE SPECIES

A comparative analysis of the productivity and morphobiological characteristics of varieties of wheat, rye and triticale was carried out and promising forms were identified. The work was carried out at the Dagestan experimental station VIR. We studied 14 samples of hexaploid triticale from the world collection of VIR, as well as 2 released varieties of rye and wheat. Sowing for each sample was carried out on 1 m2 in 3 replications. The following were analyzed: yield of green mass, yield of dry mass, seed yield, number of stems, foliage, plant height, heading period and weight of 1000 grains. The polyploidity of triticale contributes to the formation of a good vegetative mass, which is suitable for cultivation in the conditions of irrigated agriculture in Southern Dagestan in the production of fodder. The yield of dry and green mass of triticale depends mainly on the number of stems per 1 m2 and the weight of the 1st stem with leaves and spike, and to a lesser extent on the height of the plants. In terms of yield, only some varieties of triticale are superior to zoned varieties of wheat and rye. We have identified samples with a high yield of vegetative and dry mass (PRAG 45/6, PRAG 45/7, PRAG 82, and Creslawicka), the grain of these varieties is also suitable for fodder purposes. Forage grades of triticale usually have large, undersized grains.