Modeling and Simulation of Blackhole Attack Detection using Multipath Routing in WSN-based IoV

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is a technology that combines the Internet of Things and an intelligent transportation system (ITS), and it is being studied to provide driver convenience and reduce traffic accidents. Autonomous vehicles use advanced driver assistance systems sensors such as cameras, riders, and radar to recognize the road environment. In addition, autonomous vehicles use a high definition map (HDmap) to search a driving route, and use vehicle to everything (V2X) communication technology to acquire external information to drive safely. However, HD-maps and V2X communication have a lot of influence on the external environment. To solve this problem, a scheme for applying a wireless sensor network (WSN) to an ITS has been proposed. WSNs can detect wild animals, so building infrastructure in wild animal haunting areas can prevent road kills caused by autonomous vehicles. However, the sensor node of a WSN is deployed outside and has the disadvantage of being vulnerable to security because it uses wireless communication. If a black hole attack is attempted on the WSN used for the IoV, the message may not be delivered and damage from a car accident may occur. To solve this problem, the IoV must be efficiently authenticated using public keys, and WSN must detect and respond to attacks to deliver accurate information. The proposed scheme prevents accidents by detecting a black hole attack through base station and initializing the damaged node by performing secondary verification through the IoV. The proposed scheme evaluates the performance by simulation using discrete event system specifications. The proposed scheme shows a detection rate of 70% when a black hole attack is attempted with 87.0414% probability through the experimental results. Keywords— Discrete Event System Specification; Internet of Vehicle; Network Security; Wireless Sensor Network