乐果与甲硫磷混合农药对鸡胚模型发育过程中乙酰胆碱酯酶的影响

M. A. Alhifi
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引用次数: 4

摘要

也门农民配制的混合农药(30%乐果和40%硫磷),从事卡特种植,每天被包括孕妇在内的人们咀嚼。因此,社会上发育中的胚胎比成人更容易受到慢性胆碱能中毒的影响。本研究旨在探讨农药混合物对不具有母体潜在混淆的鸟类模型发育胚胎乙酰胆碱酯酶的慢性影响。为此,使用新鲜的可育鸡蛋(Gallus Gallus domesticus)。在概率分析的基础上,计算出混合农药50%致死浓度(LD50)值为40 ppm。选择1/5 LD50和1/10 LD50(8和4 ppm)作为试验剂量。鸡蛋重量为54±1 gm,分成3批,每批10个鸡蛋。从孵育第7天开始,1批胚胎注射生理盐水,其余胚胎每隔一天注射4和8 ppm的农药混合物,连续2周。末次给药12小时后第21天,取胚膜周围血管200µl血,用溶血液量热法测定乙酰胆碱酯酶活性。本研究结果表明,1/10的LD50对乙酰胆碱酯酶活性仅有边际影响(40.6%)。1/5的LD50对乙酰胆碱酯酶活性有显著抑制作用(69%),且不可逆。因此,神经发育的后果,如行为改变和记忆障碍,可能会延续到胚胎的整个生命周期。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effect of pesticides mixture of dimethoate and methidathion on acetylcholinestrase during embryo development using chick embryo model
Pesticides mixture (dimethoate 30% and methidathion 40%) prepared by the farmers in Yemen and engaged in the cultivation of Qat, which is chewed by people every day including pregnant women. Therefore, the developing embryos in the society are more vulnerable than adults to the chronic cholinergic intoxication. This study aimed to examine the chronic effect of pesticides mixture on the AChE of developmental embryo in an avian model, which does not share the maternal potential confounds. For this, fresh fertile chicken eggs (Gallus gallus domesticus) were used. The lethal concentration of pesticides mixture for 50% killing (LD50) values was computed on the basis of probit analysis and was found to be 40 ppm. 1/5 th LD50 and 1/10 th LD50 (8 and 4 ppm) were chosen to be the tested doses. Eggs weighing 54±1 gm were separated in to 3 batches of 10 eggs each batch. One batch of embryos was injected with normal saline and the other batches of embryos injected with pesticides mixture of 4 and 8 ppm each alternative day starting from incubation day 7 for 2 weeks. On day 21 after 12 hours of the last dose an amount of 200 µl blood was collected from the blood vessels surrounding the embryonic membranes and the heamolyzate was used for the assessment of the AChE activity calorimetrically. Result of this study indicated that 1/10 th of the LD50 had only marginal effect on the AChE activity (40.6%). Whereas 1/5 th of the LD50 of pesticides mixture caused significant inhibition of AChE activity (69%) which could not be reversible. So neuro-developmental consequences such as behavioral changes and memory impairment may prolong throughout the life span of the embryo.
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