The application of biostimulants Regoplant and Stimpo to increase wheat resistance to salinity conditions

aim. Investigation of bioprotective action of polycomponent biostimulants of natural origin Regoplant and Stimpo according to physiological and molecular genetic parameters of resistance of winter wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties Antonivka ta Hoduval'nytsya odes'ka to the salinity conditions. Methods. The physiological parameters of resistance of experimental wheat plants obtained from seeds treated and untreated with solutions of Regoplant and Stimpo biostimulants used at concentrations of 50 μl/L and 75 μl/L grown under salt stress on 0,1 M sodium chloride solution were studied. Using Dot blotting method the degree of hybridization between cytoplasmic si/miRNA isolated from cells of experimental wheat plants grown under salinity conditions and mRNA of control plants grown in the absence of salinity conditions was determined. In the wheat embryo cell-free system of protein synthesis in vitro the silencing activity of si/miRNA on the template of mRNA isolated from cells of experimental wheat plants grown under salt stress conditions and control plants was studied. Results. It was found that the use of biostimulants Regoplant and Stimpo by soaking the seeds of wheat plants for 24 hours at concentrations of 50 μl/L and 75 μl/L improved the physiological parameters of wheat plants grown under salt stress conditions, which increased on average: seed germination – up to 69-75%, the length of seedlings – up to 28-37%, the length of roots – up to 41-42%, leaf area – up to 25-38%, the raw weight of seedlings – up to 48-53%, the dry weight of seedlings – up to 37-46 %, respectively, compared to control. The Dot-blot hybridization method showed that the largest decrease in the percentage of hybridized mRNA and si/miRNA molecules was observed in experimental wheat plants grown from seeds treated with Regoplant and Stimpo biostimulants under salt stress conditions - up to 66-75%, respectively, compared to control. The increase of silencing activity of si/miRNA on the template of mRNA isolated from experimental wheat plants obtained from seeds treated with Regoplant and Stimpo biostimulants and grown under salt stress conditions was shown to be 39-42%, respectively, compared to control. Conclusions. The use of biostimulants Regoplant and Stimpo in concentrations of 50 μl/L and 75 μl/L for presowing seed treatment contributes to the increase of the resistance of winter wheat plants to salinity conditions. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., polycomponent biostimulants, resistance of wheat to salinity conditions, RNA interference.